The 280-kilometre drive to Geraldton was delayed because John had to
meet with the he local Crown attorney to see if compensation could be negotiated for
fellow Native J.P King. King, a Regina Rifles veteran from Armstrong-200 kilometres to the
north-was in hospital when the small cabin he has called home for 16 years was
demolished-not by a wrecking ball, but by a man in a bulldozer intent on pushing it off
school board property to make room for a new school. Pictures show the house sitting in a
ditch on a 45-degree angle. "Everyone knows the property belongs to the school board
but you can't just do this without warning the person," says John.
The delay is no surprise. It's the way John works. He never call ahead and that becomes
obvious once the trip begins. Outside Thunder Bay, at Pass Lake, he stops at the home of
Korean War veteran Benny Martin. A young woman answers the door and says her dad has gone
into Thunder Bay, but will return in the evening. As he walks to his car, John (careful
not to commit himself to a specific time) says, "Tell him I'll be back tomorrow
afternoon or maybe Thursday."
In his car, John explains there is no point making appointments. "I never know how
long I'll be on a visit. And even if I did, these are a nomadic people. You can call ahead
but when you get there you find they have left."
Driving to Nipigon, John talks about the NVA/NWO. Controversial from the start, the
association angered Thunder Bay veterans by its undiplomatic intrusion at the city's 1988
Remembrance Day ceremony. Having gathered members together quietly, the association
appeared unannounced at the city's veterans parade wearing headbands and medals. As
veterans they couldn't be turned away. "I suppose there were some people mad at us,
but we made the news that night."
John, 69, formed the association to preserve the military history of Natives. Although
there was at least one Native forestry unit during WW II, most Natives were dispersed
throughout the Canadian forces. "There were Natives in all the units and they fought
in all the famous battles. I don't think the Native people know that."
The association newspaper Shimaginish-the Ojibway word for soldier-mixes profiles of
members with information on VAC benefits and Native veterans issues.
In Nipigon, no one is home at Lawrence Martin's house, but while leaving town, John
passes Martin in his truck on Highway 11. Both pull off the road and meet beside their
vehicles. Martin is active in the association and gives him the names of a few isolated
veterans. "I give him names of people I met and served with," explains Martin.
"That way he can look them up when he gets out their way."
Getting the names of Native veterans can be a problem. Many have "Hudson's Bay
names"-Anglicized names given by traders or missionaries who cold not pronounce the
Ojibway and Cree names. In his wallet, John carries his birth certificate that gives his
original name of Jingosobii.
Nipigon is where John grew up. It's also where he maintains his Legion membership at
Nipigon Branch. When he was a boy, his band moved from north of Lake Nipigon to the Lake
Helen Reserve. "The people wanted to move in the 1930's and be closer to hospitals
and other facilities. It's not nearly so isolated now."
John, who lives in Thunder Bay, has a son and a daughter on the reserve. There are
signs of prosperity, including a new shopping mall and two-storey homes in stark contrast
to older bungalows.
The drive through town brings a wealth of memories. John's round face and easy-going
manner have a disarming effect, but he speaks slowly and cautiously, conveying the sense
that here's a man who has learned from life.
He talks with a father's pride about another son's success in the Ontario Provincial
Police, a sense of nostalgia when recalling the huge summer camps his people used to set
up on the lake, and a hard-earned strength when telling of his won experience going from
life in the bush to the Canadian Army in WW II.
The military upgraded his education and sent him to a police training school. "I
didn't care what they id to me, I said to myself, "They are not going to break
me." They didn't break him and he served with the military police attached to No. 4
Convalescent Depot.
After the war he proved as nomadic as the people he is looking for. He worked in
lumbering, mining and as a tugboat captain. He has been an investigator for the Ontario
Human Rights Commission and the Ministry of Labour and worked for the short-lived Company
of Young Canadians. Never really at home with the civil service, he earns extra money
driving a cab in Thunder Bay.
Reaching Geraldton, John checks into a motel and begins a series of phone calls. It's
late afternoon, but there's still time to visit Nakina, 90 kilometres to the north. Snow
is in the air, and more than an inch is on the ground when he pulls up in front of W.A.
Grant Branch in Nakina.
Lloyd McLaughlin, the 31-year-old branch president, bring him up to date on the
veterans at the 150-member branch. "We only have five or six veterans," he says,
noting he took John's advice and attended a VAC seminar in Thunder Bay. "It is
important stuff to know. If it weren't for the veterans, I wouldn't be interested in the
Legion."
"VAC wanted me to look for natives, but I told them if I'm going out there, I'll
be looking for any veterans I can find," says John back in the car. "When they
sign you up they don't care if you are white, native or whatever."
Legion branches are a prime source for him. "The Legions should be in touch with
the veterans in the community," he says, "But I also find out who is a veteran
by talking to people at the post office, liquor store or general store. People there tend
to know who everybody is in the smaller places."
Native Friendship Centres also play a role in developing a network of contacts. After
returning to the motel, he wraps up the evening swapping information and stories with
Lloyd Michon, president of the Thunder Bay Friendship Centre and a longtime Native
activist.
After breakfast, he drives to Longlac, where there are two reserves, the Longlac
Reserve, mostly Cree, and Long Lake Reserve, mostly Ojibway. He checks the health of two
older veterans at the Longlac Reserve.
No home John visits is without a pot of coffee. He accepts a cup and scoops at least
three spoonfuls of sugar into it. Although he's dropped smoking, he doesn't turn down a
free cigarette. The visit is casual, but somehow conversation turns to the points he wants
to cover. he asks if they have a Green Shield card for veterans benefits. "A lot of
veterans I talk to don't even know what a Green Shield card is. I don't think the ink was
even dry when I got mine."
At Long Lake Reserve he calls on Peter Towigishig, only to find he has gone to
Geraldton hospital. John pays a visit and finds Towigishig recovering from a heart problem
and more concerned about his home than his health. It needs repairs, but with six people
in a two-bedroom house what he really needs is a larger house. "Housing is the
biggest problem on the reserves," says John, who would like to see veterans housing
complexes on reserves so aging veterans can remain in their community. This belief has led
him to research the Veterans' Land Act.
While returning to Thunder Bay, he pulls off the road at a high point overlooking Lake
Nipigon. He opens up the brief-case in his trunk and pulls out two post-WWI maps. The maps
show areas around the lake subdivided into lots for veterans housing. Comparing landmarks,
it is easy to see that the road, the railway and hydro line have come since the maps were
drawn. The rest of the land remains unclaimed and bush-covered.
The unclaimed land is just one more thing for John to look into. This time, his road
trip had not produced more veterans, but he has a few leads. "I'm only beginning to
find out how many veterans are out there. Right now I'm only skimming the top."