Glossary
This is the glossary. Here you can learn about some of the
words you have seen on this site!
--abbatoir-- A place where animals are killed
for their meat. Another word would be a slaughter house.
--abducted-- Taken somewhere against your
will.
--agriculture-- The science of cultivating
the soil, producing crops and raising livestock.
--agri-food-- The activity sector that
includes industries specialized in the production, processing and marketing
of food products intended for the consumer.
--alfalfa-- A green quick-growing plant, that
is used to feed many farm animals.
--artificial insemination--
Depositing, using a mechanical process, of male semen in the female's
reproductive organs.
--auger-- This is a long pipe with a twist
inside to carry the grain up into a grainery.
--baler-- This picks up dry hay and bundles it
into big rectangular or round bales that look like shredded wheat. The
bales are tied together with baler twine.
--bale wagon-- This is for square bales,
and sometimes a baler is equipped with a "thrower" which shoots the bales
into the 'bale wagon'
--barn-- Farm building. The animals are kept on
the ground floor and hay and straw can be stored on the top floor.
--barnyard-- The area adjacent to a barn. It
is usually surrounded by a fence.
--beef-- A ruminant raised for meat (BEEF). There
are many breeds.
--belt feeder-- It takes feed from silos
and moves it to another place where the animals can eat it.
--blower-- It is used to blow haylage up a pipe
and into a silo.
--bristles-- The short, stiff, coarse hair
found on an adult pig. On young pigs this is very soft.
--broiler-- A young chicken being raised for
meat poultry.
--buck-- A male goat.
--bulk tank--A refrigerated steel tank where
milk is kept at the farm.
--bull-- An adult male beef or dairy animal also
called sire.
--cannery-- A place where farm foodstuffs are cleaned
seperated and put into cans.
--capon-- A castrated male chicken.
--cat-- kitten(baby) feline(female) tom cat(male)
--cattle-- Large ruminant animal.
--cereal-- A cultivated plant which produces
grain used to feed humans and domestic animals. ex. oats, barely and
wheat.
--chicken-- chick(baby) hen(female)
rooster(male). A flightless bird raised for meat.
--colt-- A young male horse.
--combine-- It cuts the grain, separates the
grain from the straw, leaves the straw in rows behind it, and stores the
grain in a bin. Then unloads the grain into wagons. It does this by passing
the grain through a number of screens. In one day a combine can harvest the
same amount as it would take 300 people working by hand. Combines are used
to harvest corn, cereals and oilseeds.
--cooling tank-- A refrigerated,
stainless steel tank that is used to keep milk at a constant cool
temperature.
--corn bin-- A large bin with wire or solid
sides where whole corn(on the cob) is dried and stored. Also known as corn
crib.
--corn dryer-- A large heater in which corn
is put to dry after the kernels have been removed from the cob.
--corn harvester-- It cuts, chops, and
blows corn into wagons for silage.
--corn picker-- It resembles a combine and
preforms a similar job to harvest sweet corn for eating.
--corn planter-- This is just for corn
and puts each seed in the ground 4 inches apart and in rows 32 inches
apart. It also has tanks on it to hold chemical fertilizer that goes into
the ground, beside every row.
--corn wagons-- A wagon that holds and
transports corn.
--cow calf farmer-- A farmer who
raises beef calves.
--cows-- calf(baby) cow(female) bull(male) A
ruminant raised for dairy or beef.
--crop production-- The cultivation of
plants for animal feed, human food, or ornamentation (nurseries).
--cultivator--to break up the ground, one
final time, into smaller pieces
-- curing-- To preserve food by salting,
smoking, or aging.
--dairy-- Raised for milk. There are several
breeds.
--dam-- Another name for adult female cow.
--disc--For breaking up the big lumps of soil in
preperation for seeding.
--doe-- A female goat.
--dog-- puppy(baby) bitch(female) dog(male)
--domestic-- An animal that has adapted to
living with people and is kept by them(As compared to a wild animal).
--drainage-- Operation aimed at removing
water from land that is too wet by using drains or ditches.
--drying up-- Period during which a cow does
not give milk.
--economic-- Having to do with money or
business.
--erode-- To slowly wash away something, bit by
bit. Soil can erode if it is left wihout anything growing in it.
--farm-- An area of land that is devoted to
agriculture.
--farmer-- A person who raises livestock and/or
cultivates crops.
--feed carts-- They are used to feed cattle
inside a barn.
--fertilizers-- Organic or mineral
products worked into the soil to improve it's fertility.
--fertilizer spreaders-- They
spread fertilizer on the field.
--filly-- A young female horse.
--flat harrow-- They are pulled and
dragged over the soil to level the field.
--flat wagon-- It brings square and round
bales in from the fields.
--fleece-- The coat of wool covering a sheep to
give birth.
--fluid milk-- Milk that is prepared for
consumption as milk.
--forage-- The plant material made of the stems
and leaves of the plant used to feed animals.
--forage harvester-- It picks the hay
off the ground, chops it up and blows it into a wagon for haylage.
--forage wagon-- It is used to carry
haylage in from the field. It is a wagon with 2 solid walls, a back, and a
mechanical unloader.
--fryer-- A young broiler of a suitable size for
frying.
--gelding-- A castrated horse (quieter).
--goat-- A relative of a sheep. It has a short
tail and straight hair.
--grain-- A hard seed or kernel from cereal
plants such as wheat, oats, barley, corn, etc. Grain is used for human and
animal consumption.
--grain wagon-- It is sometimes called a
gravity flow box. The floor is sloped in 3 directions and the grain flows
down and out an open door at the bottom.
--graze-- To put livestock out to feed on
growing grass or pasture.
--gutter cleaner-- It moves manure from
the barn to the outside storage pit.
--harrowing-- A field operation to loosen
the surface soil and remove weeds.
--harvest-- The time for gathering in
agricultural crops when they become mature, or ripe.
--hatchery-- A facility for hatching chicks
from eggs.
--hay elevator-- It is used to move the
bales from the wagon to the hayloft.
--hay wagon-- A flat wagon used to transport
bails of hay.
--heifer-- A young dairy or beef animal that
has not had a baby.
--hen-- A female (laying hen) raised to lay eggs.
--hog-- A pig raised for meat (PORK).
--horse-- A large solid-hoofed mammal
domesticated for work, pleasure, racing, & riding.
--horses-- foal(baby) mare(female)
stallion(male)
--horticulture-- The cultivation of
fruits, vegetables, and ornamental trees.
--incubate-- To keep eggs warm by heat
generated by a hen sitting on her eggs, or by an artificial source to hatch
the eggs.
--industrial milk-- Milk that will be
processed into various dairy productions: ice cream, cheese, yogurt,
butter, etc.
--insecticide-- A chemical used to destroy
insects that attack animals and plants.
--irrigation-- A process that allows the
watering of crops by ditches, pipes, or sprinklers.
--kid-- A baby goat.
--lagomorph-- Species like a rodent but not
a rodent. Rabbit, for example.
--lanolin-- The natural oil that is present in
wool. It is used in ointments and cosmetics.
--legumes-- Plants that return nitrogen (a
nutrient) to the soil. Clover, alfalfa and beans are all legumes.
--litter-- More than one baby animal born each
time (pigs, dogs, etc.).
--livestock-- A general term for all farm
animals.
--loam-- Soil that contains rotted plants,
mineral matter, air and water in good proportions.
--loft-- A space above the barn where bales of
hay and straw are stored.
--manure-- Mix of animal feces and bedding.
Manure is used as a fertilizer.
--manure loader-- It loads the manure
into a manure spreader.
--manure remover-- There are several
kinds-stackers, pumps, gravity flow. They are used to move manure out of
the barn.
--manure spreader-- It spreads the
manure onto the fields.
--market-- A place where farm produce is sold.
--meat-- The flesh of animals that is used for
food. Red meat includes beef, pork, goat and lamb. White meats are poultry
and fish.
--milk-- A fluid that is created by the mammary
glands of a female for their young. Cow's, goat's, and sheep's milk is used
as food by humans.
--milking machine-- An electronic
machine which uses air suction to bring milk out of the udder of an
animal.
--mower/conditioner-- It cuts hay
into narow rows where it lies in the sun and wind to dry.
--nurse-- For a baby animal to drink milk from
it's mother's udder.
--on grass-- A diet of mostly grass.
--packer-- It compacts loose soil to help the
seeds to germinate.
--peck-- The method that the chicken uses to pick
up food with their beaks.
--perennial-- Plant that grows year after
year without reseeding.
--pesticides-- Chemicals used to control
plant and animal pests.
--pharmaceutical-- Having to do with
medical drugs.
--pigs-- piglet(baby) sow(female) boar(male)
--pipeline-- Long tube that allows the flow
of milk from a cow to the cooling tank.
--plough--To turn over sod, making a furrow
--plow-- An implement for cutting, turning over
and breaking up the soil. A plow is usually drawn by a tractor.
--political--Having to do with laws, how
countries are run and how countries deal with each other.
--pork-- A term used for meat from a pig.
--poultry-- A domestic fowl such as chickens,
ducks, geese, and turkeys used for meat production.
--poultry production-- Rearing of
chickens, hens, turkeys, and all other poultry.
--quota-- A share of total production, meaning a
fixed quantity to be supplied by a farmer.
--rake-- this turns the row of hay over so that
the bottom side will dry
--raw product-- Farm produce that has not
been processed.
--renewable resource-- A resource
(crops, for example) that can be grown back or replenished. The soil
organic matter is a renewable resource. Gasoline is not.
--residue-- Small amounts of some material
left after use that were not consumed or removed. Crop residues, for
example, are often roots and stalks that are left in the soil to hold it
together.
--roller-- It compacts the soil to produce a
firm seedbed, like a packer.
--rollers-- Used to crack or cruch grain (oats
or corn) to make it easier to digest.
--ruminant-- An animal that chews a cud and
has 4 stomachs.
--seed drill-- This is used to plant cereal
and grass seeds. Works like a planter.
--shear-- The action of cutting the wool from
the sheep's body.
--sheep-- lamb (baby) ewe(female) ram(male)
--sheep-- A small, ruminant animal (4 stomachs),
raised for wool and meat (MUTTON).
--silage-- A chopped forage preserved in a silo
by fermentation and in the absence of oxygen.
--silo-- A large capacity reservoir to store
harvested crops.
--sire-- Bull chosen to father a calf.
--snow blower-- This machine blows snow
off of things, like driveways.
--sprayers-- It sprays pesticides and
hebicides and liquid fetilizers on the fields. A plane or a tractor can be
used to operate the sprayer.
--steer-- A castrated male beef.
--tapping-- Driving spouts into the trunks of
maple trees to let the sap out.
--teats-- The nipples on the udder of a female
animal through which milk is drawn.
--'to calf'-- Giving birth by a cow.
--'to foal'-- Giving birth by a horse.
--'to harvest'-- To gather a ripe crop by
mechanical or manual means.
--'to hatch'-- The appearance of a baby chick
from it's eggshell.
--'to market'-- To sell farm produce
(animals, crops).
--'to milk'-- To extract milk from the mammary
glands of a dairy cow.
--tractor-- A motorized vehicle capable of
operating other machinery. Usually a farmer needs at least 2 or 3 as many
jobs requires more than one.
--tractor & loader-- A hydraulic
mechanism, attached to a tractor, used to lift round bales and other heavy
objects.
--truck-- It is used for getting wood or
supplies, picking up feed bags, moving cattle and drawing wagons.
--udder-- The large mammary gland on a female
animal for producing milk.
--veterinarian-- A doctor who is trained
to treat diseases and injuries of animals. Short form is D.V.M.
--vitamins-- Organic substances that are
essential in minute quantities to the nutrition of living organisms (plants
and animals).
--weaning-- The end of feeding milk to young
animals.
--wether-- A castrated male lamb.
--wool-- The hair or fleece that is obtained from
sheep for yarn and cloth.