The Canadian Cannabis Survey – Methodological Report

POR 102-16
Contract number: HT372-164431 001 CY
Contract award date: 2017-02-02
Date of delivery: June 7th, 2017

Prepared by:

ADVANIS

Prepared for:
Health Canada

Ce rapport est disponible en français

por-rop@hc-sc.gc.ca

 

Table of Contents

 

1.0 Background and Objectives

1.1 Background

Use of marijuana is common in Canada. In 2013, Health Canada’s Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey (CTADS) found that 11% of respondents 15 years of age and older reported using marijuana in the past year, with almost twice as many males reporting use than females. Canadians 15-24 years old were significantly more likely to use cannabis in past 12 months than those 25 years of age or older. Use is also common in students, with almost one in five students in grade 7-12 reporting past year use in the 2014-2015 Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey (CSTADS). International data for cannabis from 2013 showed the United States as the leader in lifetime prevalence rates at 43.7%Footnote 1, while Canada followed closely behind at 41.2%Footnote 2, and then the United Kingdom at 29.9%Footnote 3.

In 2015 Speech from the Throne, the Government of Canada committed to legalizing, regulating, and restricting access to marijuana. In 2016, the Government’s Task Force on Marijuana Legalization and Regulation issued a discussion paper entitled “Toward the legalization, regulation and restriction of access to marijuana” that initiated wider consultations and dialogue regarding its intention in this area.

The intention to legalize and regulate cannabis in Canada has also prompted a policy and scientific requirement to collect new comprehensive data on the subject of cannabis use and non-use, including indicators in the areas of health, public safety, and markets. New research on cannabis use is helping the government better evaluate the possible impacts associated with legalization, regulation, and restriction. In May and June 2016, Health Canada conducted the Baseline Survey on Awareness, Knowledge and Behavior Associated with Recreational Use of Marijuana (administered by Ekos Research Associate). This study examined the knowledge, perceived acceptability and health risks, pattern of recreational use, and information-seeking behaviors. This study found that 58% of respondents reported cannabis use in the past and that 22% reported use in the past 12 months. Among those who did not report use in the past 12 months, 85% felt they were unlikely to use cannabis once it becomes legal.

1.2 Objectives of the survey

The Canadian Cannabis Survey examined in more depth patterns of use, such as the quantities used and medical use; the cannabis market, such as sources and pricing; and issues of public safety, such as impaired driving.

In conducting this research, Health Canada’s objective was to collect information on the following:

1.3 Total expenditure

The total cost of this research was $249,820.40 including HST.

 

2.0 Sampling

2.1 The general approach

The approach used was a two-step recruitment process where respondents were first recruited by telephone (both land-line and mobile) using a short battery of screener questions approved by Health Canada. Respondents who completed the screener questions and qualified for the survey were then sent a link to the online survey, either by email or SMS depending on their preference. Respondents were recruited from lists of random telephone numbers (RDD) that Advanis verified were in service. The distribution of phone numbers was approximately 87 percent mobile phones and 13 percent landline numbers.

The rationale for using a higher volume of cell phone than landline numbers came from the requirement of oversampling youth aged 16 to 24 years old. From previous experience, we know that this group is very hard to reach by conventional landline for two majors reasons; first, they use their parents’ landline and we have difficulty reaching them; second, if they have left their parent’s house, they most likely use a cell phone rather than a landline.

In total, we called 181,435 phone numbers, and 18,702 people agreed to participate in the survey. Of these calls, 21 percent were conducted in French and 79 percent were conducted in English. The response rate calculation is presented in Appendix A.

During the computer assisted telephone interviews (CATI) recruit, Advanis requested permission to send the survey link to respondent’s mobile phones via a Short Message Service (SMS). The advantage of SMS survey invitations is that, unlike email invitations, it avoids issues with incorrect email addresses and spam filtering. If the recruited respondent did not have a smartphone or preferred email, survey links were sent via email. Of the respondents who completed the CATI screener, 70 percent were recruited via SMS, and 30 percent were recruited by email. Approximately half of those recruited to the online survey by SMS (49%), completed the online survey. Among those sent an email invitation, the completion rate of the online survey was 52 percent.

To increase the response rate, messages were left on the potential respondents’ voicemail, describing the study and informing the prospective respondent that they could call back the number that called them or a toll free number to participate. These calls were directed to the same group of telephone recruiters that made the initial calls. If the potential respondent called from the phone that was initially dialled, the calling record was automatically displayed to the recruiter.

Email reminders were sent 3 days and 6 days after the invitation. Advanis also conducted telephone reminders to those recruited by email to confirm emails had been received, and corrected email addresses if necessary. During these calls (only made once), voicemail messages were left reminding the respondents that the survey was still open and to call back if they had not received the invitation.

The average survey length for the questionnaire for users of cannabis in the past 12 months was 27 minutes, and it was 9 minutes on average for non-users. We need to keep in mind that, during an online survey, the time elapsed doesn’t necessarily align perfectly with survey duration since you can interrupt and restart your session. As for the duration of the recruitment interviews, the average length was 3 minutes.

2.2 The pretest and field dates

The English pretest was conducted from March 9th to 12th, 2017. During this time, we recruited 123 people by phone, which then translated into 33 completed online surveys. The French pretest was conducted on March 15th with 50 phone interviews completed by the end of the day. The validation of the data was completed the morning of March 16th. This validation included users and non-users to ensure that all questions were tested. No changes were made to the survey following the pretest. The data collection period was from March 13th to May 24th.

2.3 Quality control

2.3.1 – Quality control in survey programming

Advanis utilizes technology to maximize quality control in survey programming. Having developed a proprietary survey engine tool, Advanis professionals are able to design and program a survey in a browser-based environment, eliminating the need to hand it off to a programmer who is less familiar with the survey subject matter. Below are the steps followed to ensure the quality of the surveys.

2.3.2 – CATI methodology and quality control

The CATI recruit script was programmed on Advanis’ proprietary CATI platform with no foreseen challenges. Advanis was able to leverage its experience for the survey programming and the reminder process to achieve high quality standards.

Advanis implemented the following to ensure the highest quality data collection:

To ensure high interview quality, our interviewers are trained to use various interviewing techniques. As well as maintaining a professional attitude, our interviewers must also be convincing, read word-for-word, take notes, probe deeper on semi-open and open questions, systematically confirm the information given and listen to the respondent.

2.3.3 – Web methodology and quality control

All Advanis Web surveys are hosted internally by Advanis, and we employ a rigorous and stringent set of data collection control mechanisms to ensure the highest quality for the data collected, including:

2.3.4 – Quality control in data handling and reporting

For all of the data collected, Advanis develops rules to check the validity of the data. These rules include items such as:

Advanis staff has used the SPSS Statistics Software for 20 years and, as such, are very proficient users of the software. All data cleaning performed on a project is outlined in syntax files with intermediate data files saved throughout the process. This ensures that the original raw data file is never overwritten, and that if an error is discovered in our code, we can quickly and easily rerun the syntax to produce a new data file. Individuals developing code incorporate internal checks in their code (e.g., crosstabs) to ensure the syntax had the desired effect. In addition, all syntax is reviewed by another team member or technical specialist for accuracy.

2.4 Sampling plan and data collection

The target audience of this project is Canadians who are 16 years and older. This study includes both users and non-users. A “user” is someone who has used cannabis in the last 12 months. The expected incidence of users in the general population is 11%, according to Statistics Canada data.

Key sub-population variables that required quotas were:

The sample consisted of a core sample of 2,000 Canadians aged 16 and older (users and non-users) with an original oversample plan of 1,600 cannabis users, for a total of 3,600 respondents. In the end, we gathered 9,215 responses in order to reach our target oversample and quotas. Table 1 presents the results for the entire data collection versus the quota for the base sample.

Table 1: The Total Sample
Region Minimum Sample Size Target Sample Size Results
Table 1 note *

Territories are included in the Western provinces

Return to table 1 note * referrer

WesternTable 1 note * 400 500 2373
Ontario 400 500 2163
Quebec 400 500 2484
Maritimes 400 500 2195
Age Minimum Sample Size Target Sample Size Results
16 to 19 years 400 500 590
20 to 24 years 400 500 1062
25 years and older 400 1000 7563
Gender Minimum Sample Size Target Sample Size Results
Male 800 1,000 4695
Female 800 1,000 4486
Other - - 34

Table 2 below presents the final results for users including both quota and oversample results.

Table 2: The User Sample
Region Minimum Sample Size Target Sample Size Results
Table 2 note *

Territories are included in the Western provinces

Return to table 2 note * referrer

WesternTable 2 note * 400 400 731
Ontario 400 400 648
Quebec 400 400 620
Maritimes 400 400 650
Age Minimum Sample Size Target Sample Size Results
16 to 19 years 200 500 252
20 to 24 years 200 600 515
25 years and older 200 500 1,882
Gender Minimum Sample Size Target Sample Size Results
Male 600 800 1,539
Female 600 800 1,097
Other - - 13
Drivers Minimum Sample Size Target Sample Size Results
Users who have driven within 2 hrs of using cannabis 600 1,000 979
 

3.0 Weighting

3.1 The weighting approach

Overall, 9,215 interviews were conducted during data collection, 2,451 in French and 6,764 in English. The weighting of the final file was based on three variables: region, age, and gender. For the 34 people who identified an “other gender identity”, a random gender was attributed for weighting purposes only. This group will be analyzed separately for analysis purposes. The population sizes are based on the latest Statistics Canada census results published, the 2016 Census. Since the value for the 16 to 19 age category wasn’t available (only 15 to 19 is provided), we reduced the 15 to 19 year category by 1/5 of the size to reflect the best estimate of the number of 16 to 19 year olds. See section 4.2 for guidelines on the limitations of analysis with the weights.

Table 3: The weights
Group Interviews Weight interviews Weight to population Population
Atlantic – 16 to 19 – Female 48 16 829.4 49 764
Ontario – 16 to 19 – Female 92 101 4936.75 315 952
Quebec – 16 to 19 – Female 84 54 2031.373494 168 604
West – 16 to 19 – Female 97 81 4116.709677 255 236
Atlantic – 20 to 24 – Female 103 21 727.3626374 66 190
Ontario – 20 to 24 – Female 128 139 3410.703125 436 570
Quebec – 20 to 24 – Female 172 79 1330.645161 247 500
West – 20 to 24 – Female 142 111 3106.5625 347 935
Atlantic – 25 to 34 – Female 216 42 546.659751 131 745
Ontario – 25 to 34 – Female 249 281 3785.321888 881 980
Quebec – 25 to 34 – Female 343 161 1438.778409 506 450
West – 25 to 34 – Female 310 256 3005.449438 802 455
Atlantic – 35 to 44 – Female 179 47 618.5564854 147 835
Ontario – 35 to 44 – Female 211 285 4059.068182 892 995
Quebec – 35 to 44 – Female 253 168 2257.991453 528 370
West – 35 to 44 – Female 243 239 3414.659091 751 225
Atlantic – 45 to 54 – Female 207 58 742.397541 181 145
Ontario – 45 to 54 – Female 196 326 5302.823834 1 023 445
Quebec – 45 to 54 – Female 182 182 3493.190184 569 390
West – 45 to 54 – Female 211 251 4018.112245 787 550
Atlantic – 55+ – Female 301 141 1660.657895 441 735
Ontario – 55+ – Female 227 696 9832.522523 2 182 820
Quebec – 55+ – Female 236 457 7318.494898 1 434 425
West – 55+ – Female 282 539 7325.497835 1 692 190
Atlantic – 16 to 19 – Male 60 17 1092.666667 52 448
Ontario – 16 to 19 – Male 64 106 3623.695652 333 380
Quebec – 16 to 19 – Male 83 56 2086.380952 175 256
West – 16 to 19 – Male 62 86 278.474227 270 288
Atlantic – 20 to 24 – Male 91 22 657.6213592 67 735
Ontario – 20 to 24 – Male 128 146 3576.679688 457 815
Quebec – 20 to 24 – Male 186 81 1468.604651 252 600
West – 20 to 24 – Male 112 117 2579.859155 366 340
Atlantic – 25 to 34 – Male 241 41 590.3935185 127 525
Ontario – 25 to 34 – Male 233 273 3442.349398 857 145
Quebec – 25 to 34 – Male 352 161 1470.758017 504 470
West – 25 to 34 – Male 267 256 2592.370968 803 635
Atlantic – 35 to 44 – Male 239 43 761.6480447 136 335
Ontario – 35 to 44 – Male 220 262 3892.725118 821 365
Quebec – 35 to 44 – Male 234 169 2089.703557 528 695
West – 35 to 44 – Male 220 235 3031.604938 736 680
Atlantic – 45 to 54 – Male 244 54 825.4830918 170 875
Ontario – 45 to 54 – Male 193 309 4950.382653 970 275
Quebec – 45 to 54 – Male 163 182 3129.010989 569 480
West – 45 to 54 – Male 196 244 3629.763033 765 880
Atlantic – 55+ – Male 266 125 1305.664452 393 005
Ontario – 55+ – Male 222 607 8389.581498 1 904 435
Quebec – 55+ – Male 196 402 5338.622881 1 259 915
West – 55+ – Male 231 490 5453.421986 1 537 865

3.2 The design effect calculation

Introducing weighting generates a design effect that can be attributed to weight variation. This effect increases the sampling error in comparison to the random sampling without weighting.

The following table presents the design effect (the effect of the sampling plan on the statistical power of the sample) for each region separately as well as for the entire sample. Also, this table shows the size of an “efficient” sample, which corresponds to the size of the random sample which would have the same precision degree. For the total sample, the variation of the sampling fractions comes from the fact that the same number of interviews is done in each region regardless of region size.

3.3 Design effect and efficient size of the sample

Table 4: Design effect for sample
Province Mean of weights N Population Standard deviation Design effect Usable sample size Margin of error
Canada 3136.9450 9215 28 906 948 2187.1192 1.48610612 6201 1.2 %
Atlantic 895.8255 2195 1 966 337 366.4411 1.16732526 1880 2.3 %
Québec 2715.4408 2484 6 745 155 1778.7189 1.42907572 1738 2.4 %
Ontario 5121.6722 2163 11 078 177 2143.8969 1.17522023 1841 2.3 %
West 3842.0898 2373 9 117 279 1425.6758 1.13769132 2086 2.2 %
 

4.0 Data Cleaning and Guidelines for Analysis and Release

4.1 Data cleaning and coding

After the data collection was completed, data cleaning was performed to ensure a high quality of results. There were three minor changes made to the metric questions as there were extra answers after three respondents changed their minds and went back to change a previous answer.

The next step was to perform any necessary data coding. A detailed scale was used to describe quantities across the survey. Once data collection was completed, these scales were transformed into metric questions for ease of analysis. The metric question type simplifies the analysis by easily providing mean, median, etc. measures. For this recoding of scales into a metric value, the midpoint of the scale was used to create the metric value.

A review of open-ended responses was also performed as part of the data cleaning. Any “other” responses were recoded into existing categories when appropriate. A coding guide was created for answers that had sufficient numbers of mentions to be added in as a new response level. Specific verbatim themes that did not have a sufficient number of mentions were left in the “other” category.

4.2 Guidelines for the analysis and the use of weights

When doing an analysis, it is important to align the analysis plan with the weighting scheme. The weights adjust the data to better reflect the population based on parameters that have been chosen to maximize the level of detail without creating distortions due to extreme weights (an extreme weight will occur when a population group is represented by a proportionally smaller subset of respondents compared to other population groups, thus introducing an important risk of bias due to their specific profile).

For this study, the basic sociodemographical information that should be used in analysis of results is:

Using age groupings other than the ones described above for these sociodemographic categories could potentially produce distorted data. As these results would be inaccurate based on how the weights were calculated, we strongly advise not to report any results that are not aligned with these specified categories.

In the provided data file, the variable to use in your statistical analysis program to weight the data is simply called “weights”. In this case, it was decided to project to the total population, around 28 million Canadian residents.

Any results with an unweighted base of 30 respondents or fewer should not be reported on, due to statistical robustness. Results with more than 30 but fewer than 50 respondents should be interpreted with caution, and considered as directional guidelines. Results based on 50 or more respondents have not been noted in any way. The reason for suppressing results with small base sizes is due to the increased coefficient of variation and hence larger confidence intervals around results with smaller bases to the point of rendering reported values ineffective in that they are too broad to be meaningful statistics in application.

For all estimates the following guidelines for data suppression related to coefficients of variation (CV) should be used when reporting results:
CV range Estimate Stability
*CV= (standard error / coefficient) * 100 where the coefficient is either the regression coefficient or the proportion estimate.
0 – 16.5 Acceptable, the estimate stable
16.6 – 33.3 Marginal, the estimate has moderate sampling variability and should be interpreted with caution
>33.3 Unacceptable, the estimate is unstable and should be suppressed
 

Appendices

Appendix A: Response Rate Calculation

    TOTAL %
  GENERATED 181435 100.0%
A. NOT VALID No possible contacts at these numbers
B. NOT SAMPLE Respondents were not eligible or were unable to answer
SAMPLE Usable numbers
C. ELIGIBILITY NOT ESTABLISHED: No answer and household refusal
D. ELIGIBILITY ESTABLISHED: Refusal, Prolonged abs., Incomplete and appointment
% REFUSAL Refusal /sample
% COMPLETED Completed / sample
ELIGIBILITY RATE (E.R.) D+Completed/B+D+Completed
MRIA RESPONSE RATE Completed/C*(E.R.)+D+Completed
  USED 181435 100.0%
  Not in service 2633 1.5%
  Not residential 1044 0.6%
  Line problem 867 0.5%
  Fax 84 0.0%
  Wrong number 502 0.3%
A NOT VALID 5130 2.8%
  VALID 176305 97.2%
  Not eligible 3603 2.0%
  Language barrier 720 0.4%
  Age – Illness 121 0.1%
  Other 55 0.0%
B NOT SAMPLE 4499 2.5%
  SAMPLE 171806 94.7%
C Household refusal 42325 24.6%
Multiple household refusal 1 0.0%
D Respondent refusal 20823 12.1%
Multiple respondent refusal 53 0.0%
D FINAL refusal 2137 1.2%
D Prolonged absence 47 0.0%
D Incomplete 2 0.0%
C No answer 78248 45.5%
D Appointments 9468 5.5%
  Completed interviews 18702 10.9%
     
  % REFUSAL 38.0%  
  % COMPLETED 10.9%  
  ELIGIBILITY RATE 91.9%  
  MRIA RESPONSE RATE 11.5%  
 

Appendix B: Political Neutrality Requirement

Political neutrality certification

I hereby certify as Senior Officer of Advanis that the deliverables fully comply with the Government of Canada political neutrality requirements outlined in the Communications Policy of the Government of Canada and Procedures for Planning and Contracting Public Opinion Research.

Specifically, the deliverables do not include information on electoral voting intentions, political party preferences, standings with the electorate, or ratings of the performance of a political party or its leaders.

Signed:  

Nicolas Toutant, Vice-President, Research and Evaluation

 

Appendix C: Questionnaire

Introduction

Health Canada is conducting this research survey on knowledge about and use of cannabis. Advanis has been hired to administer the survey. Si vous préférez répondre au sondage en français, veuillez cliquer sur FRANÇAIS.

The survey takes between 5 and 20 minutes to complete and is voluntary and completely confidential. Your answers will remain anonymous. If you wish to verify the authenticity of this survey please email: ODSS.BSSD@hc-sc.gc.ca

The survey automatically moves to the next question when possible; however in some cases you need to press the right arrow button at the bottom of the screen to move to the next question. This button will not appear until you have answered the question.

To change previous answers you can press the left arrow button at the bottom of the screen. Some questions provide further information if you press the following symbol: (?)

If you need to stop the survey at any point you can return at a later time and the survey will continue where you left off.

For help you can contact 866-820-5163.

MainInto

In this survey when we use the term cannabis, this includes marijuana (e.g., weed, pot), hashish, hash oil or any other products made from the cannabis plant but not synthetic cannabinoids. When we ask about use, this includes using cannabis in its dry form or when mixed or processed into another product such as an edible, a concentrate, including hashish, a liquid, or other product for non-medical purposes. By non-medical purposes we mean recreational (e.g., for enjoyment, pleasure, amusement), socially, for spiritual, lifestyle and other similar non-medical uses.

Q1
How socially acceptable do you think it is for a person to use the following substances occasionally?
  Completely
acceptable
Somewhat
acceptable
Somewhat
unacceptable
Completely
unacceptable
No opinion
a. Alcohol 1 2 3 4 5
b. Tobacco (cigarette/cigar/snuff) 1 2 3 4 5
c. Tobacco (vaping) 1 2 3 4 5
d. Smoking cannabis for non-medical purposes 1 2 3 4 5
e. Vaping cannabis for non-medical purposes 1 2 3 4 5
f. Eating cannabis for non-medical purposes 1 2 3 4 5
Q2
To your knowledge, what are some of the effects, if any, of using cannabis for non-medical purposes on a person’s:
  Positive effect No effect Negative effect Don’t know
a. Motivation or ambition 1 2 3 4
b. Mood 1 2 3 4
c. Creativity 1 2 3 4
d. Inhibitions or shyness 1 2 3 4
e. Anxiety 1 2 3 4
f. Sleep 1 2 3 4
g. Memory 1 2 3 4
h. Ability to concentrate 1 2 3 4
i. Attention 1 2 3 4
j. Thinking, decision-making 1 2 3 4

Page Show If Have_NOT_used_in_lifetime_nonmedical

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Section Show If Is_Nonmedical_User

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Page Show If Used_12_months_Some_Form

Q24b

In the past 12 months, how often have you used the following cannabis products for non-medical purposes?
  Less than 1
day per
month
1 day per
month
2 or 3 days
a month
1 or 2 days
per week
3 or 4 days
per week
5 or 6 days
per week
Daily
a. Dried flower/leaf (smoked or vaporized)
[Show If Used_12_months_Dried_Flower]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
b. Hashish/kief
[Show If Used_12_months_Hashish]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
c. Liquid concentrate (e.g., hash oil, butane honey oil, etc.)
[Show If Used_12_months_Liquid_Concentrate]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
d. Cannabis oil cartridges or disposable vape pens
[Show If Used_12_months_Cartridge]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
e. Solid concentrate (e.g., shatter, budder, etc.)
[Show If Used_12_months_Solid]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
f. Edibles (e.g., prepared food products)
[Show If Used_12_months_Edibles]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
g. Liquid (e.g., cola/tea)
[Show If Used_12_months_Liquid]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
h. Other: <<Q24a.specify(8)>>
[Show If Used_12_months_Other]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Page Show If Used_12_months_Dried_Flower

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Page Show If Used_12_months_Liquid_Concentrate

page Show If Used_12_months_Cartridge

Page Show If Used_12_months_Solid

Page Show If Used_12_months_Edibles

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Page Show If Is_Nonmedical_User_30_Days

Q37b Show If Used_30_days_Some_Form

In the past 30 days, how often have you bought or received cannabis in the following form for non-medical purposes?
  1 day per
month
2 or 3 days
per month
1 or 2 day(s)
per week
3 or 4 days
per week
5 to 6 days
per week
Daily
a. Dried flower/leaf (smoked or vaporized)
[Show If Used_30_days_Dried_Flower]
2 3 4 5 6 7
b. Hashish/kief
[Show If Used_30_days_Hashish]
2 3 4 5 6 7
c. Liquid concentrate (e.g., hash oil, butane honey oil, etc.)
[Show If Used_30_days_Liquid_Concentrate]
2 3 4 5 6 7
d. Cannabis oil cartridges or disposable vape pens
[Show If Used_30_days_Cartridge]
2 3 4 5 6 7
e. Solid concentrate (e.g., shatter, budder, etc.)
[Show If Used_30_days_Solid]
2 3 4 5 6 7
f. Edibles (e.g., prepared food products)
[Show If Used_30_days_Edibles]
2 3 4 5 6 7
g. Liquid (e.g., cola/tea)
[Show If Used_30_days_Liquid]
2 3 4 5 6 7
h. Other: <<Q37a.specify(8)>>
[Show If Used_30_days_Other]
2 3 4 5 6 7
 

Page Show If Used_30_days_Dried_Flower

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Page Show If Used_30_days_Cartridge

Page Show If Used_30_days_Solid

Page Show If Used_30_days_Edibles

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Q49b

In the past 12 months, how often did you use cannabis for non-medical purposes with the following people?
  Rarely Sometimes Often Always
a. Spouse/partner
[Show If Q49a_1_Spouse/partner]
1 2 3 4
b. Family member or relative
[Show If Q49a_2_Family_member]
1 2 3 4
c. Friend(s)
[Show If Q49a_3_Friend(s)]
1 2 3 4
d. Co-worker(s)
[Show If Q49a_4_Co-worker(s)]
1 2 3 4
e. Stranger(s)
[Show If Q49a_5_Stranger(s)]
1 2 3 4
f. Dealer
[Show If Q49a_6_Dealer]
1 2 3 4
g. While alone
[Show If Q49a_7_While_alone]
1 2 3 4
h. Other: <<Q49a.specify(8)>>
[Show If Q49a_8_Other]
1 2 3 4
Q50

In the past 12 months, how often did you use the following substances in combination (i.e., at the same time) with cannabis for non-medical purposes?
  Never Rarely Sometimes Often Always
a. Alcohol 1 2 3 4 5
b. Tobacco or e-cigarette 1 2 3 4 5
c. Prescription pain relievers (e.g., Oxy, Dilaudid®, morphine, Demerol, Tylenol #3®) 1 2 3 4 5
d. Prescription stimulants (e.g., Ritalin®, Concerta®, Adderall®, Dexedrine) 1 2 3 4 5
e. Prescription sedatives/tranquilizers (e.g., diazepam, lorazepam, Valium®, Ativan®, alprazolam, Xanax®, clonazepam, Rivotril®) 1 2 3 4 5
f. Illicit opioids (e.g., heroin, non-pharmaceutical fentanyl) 1 2 3 4 5
g. Illicit stimulants (e.g., cocaine, crack, methamphetamine, ecstasy/MDMA) 1 2 3 4 5
h. Illicit hallucinogens/dissociatives (e.g., LSD, magic mushrooms, ketamine, PCP) 1 2 3 4 5

Page Show If Used_Combination_Some_Drugs

Q51

Did you use these substances in combination (i.e., at the same time) with cannabis for non-medical purposes in order to get “stoned” or “high”?
  Yes No
a. Alcohol
[Show If Used_Combination_Alcohol]
1 2
b. Tobacco or e-cigarette
[Show If Used_Combination_Tobacco]
1 2
c. Prescription pain relievers (e.g., Oxy, Dilaudid®, morphine, Demerol, Tylenol #3®)
[Show If Used_Combination_Pain_Relievers]
1 2
d. Prescription stimulants (e.g., Ritalin®, Concerta®, Adderall®, Dexedrine)
[Show If Used_Combination_Stimulants]
1 2
e. Prescription sedatives/tranquilizers (e.g., diazepam, lorazepam, Valium®, Ativan®, alprazolam, Xanax®, clonazepam, Rivotril®)
[Show If Used_Combination_Sedatives]
1 2
f. Illicit drugs (e.g., Cocaine, crack, heroin, ecstasy/MDMA, methamphetamine, LSD, magic mushrooms, ketamine, PCP)
[Show If Used_Combination_Illicit_Drugs]
1 2

Page Show If Driven_within_2_hours_nonmedical

Q60

During the past 12 months, what type of effect did your cannabis use for non-medical purposes have on your:

  Positive effect No effect Negative effect
a. Friendships or social life 1 2 3
b. Physical health 1 2 3
c. Physical mobility 1 2 3
d. Mental health 1 2 3
e. Home life or marriage 1 2 3
f. Work or studies 1 2 3
g. Quality of life 1 2 3

Page Show If Was_Victimized

Page Show If Did_use_past_3_months_nonmedical

Page Show If Is_Adult

Section Show If Is_Medical_User

MTerminate Show If Unwilling_to_Complete_Medical_Use_Section

You have now completed the survey. Thank you very much for participating in this survey.

MInto

In this series of questions when we use the term cannabis, this includes marijuana, hashish, hash oil or any other products made from the cannabis plant but not synthetic cannabinoids.

When we ask about use, this includes using cannabis in its dry form or when mixed or processed into another product such as an edible, concentrate, liquid, or other product for medical purposes.

M12b

In the past 12 months, how often have you used the following cannabis products for medical purposes?
  Less than 1
day per
month
1 day per
month
2 or 3 days
a month
1 or 2 days
per week
3 or 4 days
per week
5 or 6 days
per week
Daily
a. Dried flower/leaf (smoked or vaporized)
[Show If M12a_1_Dried_flower]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
b. Hashish
[Show If M12a_2_Hashish]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
c. Cannabis Oil from a Health Canada Licensed Producer
[Show If M12a_3_Cannabis_Oil_from_HC]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
d. Liquid concentrate (e.g., hash oil, butane honey oil, etc.)
[Show If M12a_4_Liquid_concentrate]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
e. Cannabis oil cartridges or disposable vape pens
[Show If M12a_5_Cannabis_oil_cartridges]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
f. Solid concentrate (e.g., shatter, budder, etc.)
[Show If M12a_6_Solid_concentrate]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
g. Edibles (e.g., prepared food products)
[Show If M12a_7_Edibles]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
h. Liquid (e.g., cola/tea)
[Show If M12a_8_Liquid]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
i. Tinctures (e.g., concentrated amounts ingested orally or taken under the tongue)
[Show If M12a_9_Tinctures]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
j. Topical Ointments (e.g., lotions, salves, balms applied directly to the skin)
[Show If M12a_10_Topical_Ointment]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
k. Fresh flower/leaf (e.g., for juicing)
[Show If M12a_11_Fresh_flower]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Page Show If Use_different_strains_specific_times_medical_purposes

M15b

What time(s) of day do you use this strain for medical purposes?

(Please check all that apply.)
  As soon as you
wake up
Morning Afternoon Evening Before bed
a. High THC, low CBD
[Show If M15a_1_High_THC_low_CBD]
1 2 3 4 5
b. High THC, mid CBD
[Show If M15a_2_High_THC_mid_CBD]
1 2 3 4 5
c. High THC, high CBD
[Show If M15a_3_High_THC_high_CBD]
1 2 3 4 5
d. Mid THC, low CBD
[Show If M15a_4_Mid_THC_low_CBD]
1 2 3 4 5
e. Mid THC, mid CBD
[Show If M15a_5_Mid_THC_mid_CBD]
1 2 3 4 5
f. Mid THC, high CBD
[Show If M15a_6_Mid_THC_high_CBD]
1 2 3 4 5
g. Low THC, low CBD
[Show If M15a_7_Low_THC_low_CBD]
1 2 3 4 5
h. Low THC, mid CBD
[Show If M15a_8_Low_THC_mid_CBD]
1 2 3 4 5
i. Low THC, high CBD
[Show If M15a_9_Low_THC_high_CBD]
1 2 3 4 5

Page Show If Used_12_months_medical_Dried_Flower

Page Show If Used_12_months_medical_Hashish

Page Show If Used_12_months_medical_Cannabis_Oil_HC

Page Show If Used_12_months_medical_Liquid_Concentrate

Page Show If Used_12_months_medical_Cartridge

Page Show If Used_12_months_medical_Solid

Page Show If Used_12_months_medical_Edibles

Page Show If Used_12_months_medical_Liquid

Page Show If Used_12_months_medical_Tinctures

Page Show If Used_12_months_medical_Topical

Page Show If Used_12_months_medical_Fresh_Flower

Page Show If Is_Medical_User_30_Days

M19b Show If Used_30_day_medical_some_form

In the past 30 days, how often did you buy or receive cannabis for medical purposes?
  1 day per
month
2 or 3 days
per month
1 or 2 day(s)
per week
3 or 4 days
per week
5 to 6 days
per week
Daily
a. Dried flower/leaf (smoked or vaporized)
[Show If M19a_1_Dried_flower]
2 3 4 5 6 7
b. Hashish
[Show If M19a_2_Hashish]
2 3 4 5 6 7
c. Cannabis Oil from a Health Canada Licensed Producer
[Show If M19a_3_Cannabis_Oil_HC]
2 3 4 5 6 7
d. Liquid concentrate (e.g., hash oil, butane honey oil, etc.)
[Show If M19a_4_Liquid_concentrate]
2 3 4 5 6 7
e. Cannabis oil cartridges or disposable vape pens
[Show If M19a_5_Cartridges]
2 3 4 5 6 7
f. Solid concentrate (e.g., shatter, budder, etc.)
[Show If M19a_6_Solid]
2 3 4 5 6 7
g. Edibles (e.g., prepared food products)
[Show If M19a_7_Edibles]
2 3 4 5 6 7
h. Liquid (e.g., cola/tea)
[Show If M19a_8_Liquid]
2 3 4 5 6 7
i. Tinctures (e.g., concentrated amounts ingested orally or taken under the tongue)
[Show If M19a_9_Tinctures]
2 3 4 5 6 7
j. Topical Ointments (e.g., lotions, salves, balms applied directly to the skin)
[Show If M19a_10_Topical_Ointment]
2 3 4 5 6 7
k. Fresh flower/leaf (e.g., for juicing)
[Show If M19a_11_Fresh_flower]
2 3 4 5 6 7

Page Show If Used_30_days_medical_Dried_Flower

Page Show If Used_30_days_medical_Hashish

Page Show If Used_30_days_medical_Cannabis_Oil_HC

Page Show If Used_30_days_medical_Liquid_Concentrate

Page Show If Used_30_days_medical_Cartridge

Page Show If Used_30_days_medical_Solid

Page Show If Used_30_days_medical_Edibles

Page Show If Used_30_days_medical_Liquid

Page Show If Used_30_days_medical_Tinctures

Page Show If Used_30_days_medical_Topical

Page Show If Used_30_days_medical_Fresh_Flower

MedicalDriving

You are almost done. We just have a few more questions about driving while using cannabis for medical purposes. We appreciate you taking the time to complete the remainder of this survey.

Section Show If Is_Medical_User

Page Show If Driven_within_2_hours_medical

End

You have now completed the survey. Thank you very much for participating in this survey.

 

Footnotes

Footnote 1

United States Department of Health and Human Services. Substance and Mental Health Services Administration. Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. National Survey on Drugs Use and Health, 2013. http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR35509.v3

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Health Canada’s Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey: http://healthycanadians.gc.ca

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Home Office, Office of National Statistics. Drug misuse. Finding from the 2013-2014 CSEW. http://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/tables-for-drug-misuse-findings-from-the-2013-to-2014-csew

Return to footnote 3 referrer