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PublicationsPolygamy in Canada: Legal and Social Implications for Women and Children – A Collection of Policy Research Reports
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A.A. v. B.B., [2003] O.J. No. 1215 (S.C.) (QL).
Ali v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), [1998] F.C.J. No. 1640 (T.D.) (QL).
Andrews v. Law Society of British Columbia, [1989] 1 S.C.R. 143.
Auton (Guardian ad litem of) v. British Columbia (Attorney General), [2004] 3 S.C.R. 657.
B.(R.) v. Children's Aid Society of Metropolitan Toronto, [1995] 1 S.C.R. 315.
Baker v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), [1999] 2 S.C.R. 817.
Borchert v. City of Ranger Texas, 42 F. Supp 577 (1941).
Boucher v. The Queen, [1951] S.C.R. 265.
Canadian Foundation for Children Youth and the Law v. Canada (Attorney General), [2004] 1 S.C.R. 76.
Canadian Newspaper Co. v. Canada, [1988] 1 S.C.R. 122.
Chaput v. Romain (1955), 1 D.L.R. (2d) 241 (S.C.C.).
Cleveland v. U.S., 329 U.S. 14 (1946), reh'g denied, 329 U.S. 830, reh'g denied 329 U.S. 831 (1946).
Congrégation des témoins de Jéhovah de St-Jérôme-Lafontaine v. Lafontaine (Village), [2004] 2 S.C.R. 650.
Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah 508 U.S. 520 (1993).
Dagenais v. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, [1994] 3 S.C.R. 835.
Dunmore v. Ontario (Attorney General), [2001] 3 S.C.R. 1016.
Edwards v. Canada (Attorney General), [1930] A.C. 124 (J.C.P.C.).
Eldridge v. British Columbia (Attorney General), [1997] 3 S.C.R. 624.
Employment Division v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990).
Falkiner v. Ontario (Ministry of Community and Social Services)(2002),59 O.R. (3d) 481 (C.A.).
Fowler v. Rhode Island, 345 U.S. 67 (1953).
Halpern v. Canada (Attorney General) (2003), 65 O.R. (2d) 161 (C.A.).
Hofer v. Hofer, [1970] S.C.R. 958.
Hyde v. Hyde, [1866] C.C.S. 30; (1866) L.R. 1 P&D 130.
Jones v. The Queen, [1986] 2 S.C.R. 284.
Lakeside Colony of Hutterian Brethren v. Hofer, [1992] 3 S.C.R. 165.
Late Corporation of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints v. U.S., 136 U.S. 1 (1890).
Law v. Canada, [1999] 1 S.C.R. 497.
Lim v. Lim, [1948] 1 W.W.R. 298 (B.C.S.C.).
M. v. H., [1999] 2 S.C.R. 3.
McKinney v. University of Guelph, [1990] 3 S.C.R. 229.
Minersville School Dist. v. Gobitis, 108 F. 2d 683 (1939).
Nova Scotia (Attorney General) v. Walsh, 2002 SCC 83 (QL).
People v. Woody, 40 Cal. Rptr. 69 (1964).
P.(D.) v. S.(C.), [1993] 4 S.C.R. 141.
Potter v. Murray City, 585 F. Supp. 1126 (D. Utah 1984), aff'd, 760 F.2d 1065 (10th Cir. 1985).
R. v. Big M Drug Mart, [1985] 1 S.C.R. 295.
R. v. Butler, [1992] 1 S.C.R. 452
R. v. Edwards Books & Art Ltd., [1986] 2 S.C.R. 713.
R. v. Haugen, [1923] 2 W.W.R. 709 (Sask. C.A.).
R. v. Keegstra, [1990] 3 S.C.R. 697.
R. v. Lavallee, [1990] 1 S.C.R. 852.
R. v. Lewis, [1996] B.C.J. No 3001 (S.C.) (QL).
R. v. Malmo-Levine; R. v. Caine, [2003] 3 S.C.R. 571.
R. v. Moore, [2001] O.J. No. 4513 (Prov. Ct.) (QL).
R. v. Morgentaler, (1988), 44 D.L.R. (4th) 385 (S.C.C.).
R. v. Moustafa, [1991] O.J. No. 835 (Prov. Ct.) (QL).
R. v. Oakes, [1986] 1 S.C.R. 103.
R. v. Red Hot Video (1985), 18 C.C.C. (3d) 1 (B.C.C.A.), leave to appeal to S.C.C. refused (1985) 46 C.R. (3d) xxv.
R. v. Tolhurst and Wright, [1937] O.R. 570 (Ont. C.A.).
R. v. Videoflicks (1984), 48 O.R. (2d) 395 (C.A.), rev'd in part (sub nom. Edwards Books & Art Ltd. v. R. ).
R. v. W.H. Smith Ltd. et al., [1983] 5 W.W.R. 235; (1983), 26 Alta. L.R. (2d) 238 (Alta. Prov. Ct.) (QL).
Re Hassan & Hassan (1976), 12 O.R. (2d) 432 ( Prov. Ct. ).
Re Hinckley's Estate, 58 Cal. 457 (1881).
Re L.A.M., [1978] A.J. No. 531 (Prov. Ct.) (QL).
Reference re Public Service Employee Relations Act (Alta)., [1987] 1 S.C.R. 313.
Reference re Same-sex Marriage, [2004] S.C.J. No. 75 (QL); [2004] 3 S.C.R. 698.
Reference re Secession of Quebec, [1998] 2 S.C.R. 217.
Reynolds v. United States of America, 98 U.S. 145 (1978).
RJR-MacDonald Inc. v. Canada (Attorney General), [1995] 3 S.C.R. 199.
Roncarelli v. Duplessis, [1959] S.C.R. 121.
Ross v. New Brunswick School District No. 15 (1996), 133 D.L.R. (4th) (S.C.C.).
Syndicat Northcrest v. Amselem, [2004] 2 S.C.R. 551.
State v. Green, 99 P.3d 820 (Utah, 2004) aff'd on other grounds 108 P.3d 710 (Utah 2005).
Samur v. City of Quebec, [1953] 2 S.C.R. 299.
Sherbert v. Verner, 374 U.S. 398 (1963).
Suresh v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), 2002 SCC 1 (QL).
Trinity Western University v. British Columbia College of Teachers, [2001] 1 S.C.R. 772.
United States v. Ballard, 322 U.S. 78 (1944).
United States v. Seeger, 380 U.S. 163 (1965).
Vriend v. Alberta, [1998] 1 S.C.R. 493.
Walter v. Attorney General of Alberta, [1969] S.C.R. 383.
Wisconsin v. Yoder et al., 406 U.S. 205 (1972).
Yew v. British Columbia (Attorney General), [1924] 1 D.L.R. 1166 (B.C.C.A.).
Young v. Young, [1993] 4 S.C.R. 3.
Yuen Tse v. Minister of Employment and Immigration, [1983] 2 F.C. 308 (C.A.).
ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union) Utah. nd. "National ACLU Policy on Plural Marriage." <http://www.acluutah.org/pluralmarriage.htm>. Accessed: April 15, 2005.
Altman, Irwin and Joseph Ginat. 1996. Polygamous Families in Contemporary Society. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
Arneson, Richard J. and Ian Shapiro. 1996. "Democratic Autonomy and Religious Freedom: A Critique of Wisconsin." In Political Order. Edited by Ian Shapiro and Russell Hardin. New York: New York University Press.
Arnup, Katherine. 2001. Close Personal Relationships between Adults: 100 Years of Marriage in Canada.Law Commission of Canada. March 21.
Bailey, Martha. 2004. "Special Issues - Beyond Sexuality: Same-Sex Relationships Across Borders." McGill Law Journal. 46: 1005.
Bala, Nicholas. 2003. "Controversy Over Couples in Canada: the Evolution of Marriage and Other Adult Interdependent Relationships." Queen's Law Journal. 29: 41.
Beaman, Lori. 2004. "Church, State and the Legal Interpretation of Polygamy in Canada." Nova Religio. 8(1): 20.
Beatty, David M. 2004. The Ultimate Rule of Law. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press.
Beaudoin, Gerald and Ed Ratushny. 1989. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Second edition. Toronto: Carswell.
Beeby, Dean. 2005. "Same-Sex Bill Sparked Urgent Call for Polygamy Data, Document Shows." The Globe and Mail. February 28.
Bozzuti, Joseph. 2004. "The Constitutionality of Polygamy Provisions After Lawrence v. Texas: Is Scalia a Punchline or a Prophet?" The Catholic Lawyer. 43.
British Columbia, Ministry of Women's Equality. 1993. Life in Bountiful: A Report on the Lifestyle of a Polygamous Community.April.
Brown, David M. 2000. "Freedom from or Freedom for?: Religion as a Case Study in Defining the Content of Charter Rights" University of British Columbia Law Review. 33: 551.
Bryden, Philip, Steven Davis and John Russell (eds). 1994. Protecting Rights and Freedoms: Essays on the Charter's Place in Canada's Political, Legal and Intellectual Life.Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Canada, Department of Justice. 2002. Marriage and Legal Recognition of Same-sex Unions: A Discussion Paper. November.
Canada, Law Reform Commission of Canada.1985. Bigamy, Working Paper 42.
Canada, Statistics Canada. nd. <http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/famil01.htm>. Accessed September 26, 2005.
Chambers, David L. 1997-1998. "Polygamy and Same-Sex Marriage." Hofstra Law Review. 26: 353.
Cossman, Brenda and Bruce Ryder. 2000. The Legal Regulation of Adult Personal Relationships: Evaluating Policy Objectives and Legal Options in Federal Legislation. Law Commission of Canada. May 1.
Christopher, Michelle. 2004. "Sharia Law in Canada." LawNow. 29(2): 36.
Currie, A. and George Kiefl. 1994. Ethnocultural Groups and the Justice System in Canada: A Review of the Issues. Department of Justice, Canada.
Donovan, James M. 2002. "Rock-Salting the Slippery Slope: Why Same-Sex Marriage Is Not a Commitment to Polygamous Marriage." Northern Kentucky Law Review. 29: 521.
Doyle, Denise J. 1984. "Religious Freedom in Canada." Journal of Church and State. 26: 413.
Elliott, Douglas. 2003. "Conservative Judicial Activism Comes to Canada: Egale v. Canada." University of British Columbia Law Review. 36: 29.
Epp Buckingham, Dr. Janet. 2001. "Caesar and God: Limits to Religious Freedom in Canada and South Africa." South Carolina Law Review. 15(2d): 461.
Erez, Edna and R. Bankole Thomson. 1994. "Wife Abuse in Sierre Leone: Polygamous Marriages in a Dual Legal System." International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice. 18: 27.
Etherington, Brian. 1994. Review of Multiculturalism and Justice Issues: A Framework for Addressing Reform. Department of Justice, Canada.
Gillett, Todd M. 1999-2000. "The Absolution of Reynolds: The Constitutionality of Religious Polygamy." William and Mary Bill of Rights Journal. 8: 497.
Gold, Marc. and Alan Young. 1994. The Criminal Law and Religious and Cultural Minorities.Ottawa: Law Reform Commission of Canada.
Golz, Annalee E. 1995. "Marital Breakdown and Wife Abuse in Ontario." Pp.324-343 in Law, Society and the State: Essays in Modern Legal History. Edited by Louis A. Knafla and Susan W.S. Binnie. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Graf, E.J. 2004. What Is Marriage For? Boston: Beacon Press.
Gripman, Abbie. 2001. "Short Creek Raid Remembered." Kingman Daily Miner. (July 27).
Harmer-Dionne, Elizabeth. 1997-1998. "Once a Peculiar People: Cognitive Dissonance and the Suppression of Mormon Polygamy As a Case Study Negating the Belief-Action Distinction." Stanford Law Review. 50: 1295.
Horwitz, Paul. 1996. "The Sources and Limits of Freedom of Religion in a Liberal Democracy: Section 2(a) and Beyond." 54(1) University of Toronto Faculty of Law Review. 54(1): 1.
Iverson, Joan. (1984) "Feminist Implications of Mormon Polygamy." Feminist Studies. 10(3): 505.
Joppke, Christian. 2004. "The Retreat of Multiculturalism in the Liberal State: Theory and Policy." British Journal of Sociology. 55(2): 237.
Kent, Stephen A. Forthcoming. "A Matter of Principle: Fundamentalist Mormon Polygamy, Children and Human Rights Debates." Nova Religio.
Knafla, Louis A. and Susan W.S. Binnie (eds). 1995. Law, Society and the State: Essays in Modern Legal History. Toronto, Ontario: University of Toronto Press.
Krakauer, Jon. 2003. Under the Banner of Heaven: A Story of Violent Faith. New York: Doubleday.
Kymlicka, Will. 1998. Finding Our Way: Rethinking Ethnocultural Relations in Canada. Toronto: Oxford University Press.
Levine, Roslyn J. Q.C. 2004. "In Harm's Way: The Limits to Legislating Criminal Law." South Carolina Law Review. 24(2d): 196.
Li, Vivian. 2004. "Monogamy, Bigamy and Polygamy in Nineteenth Century Canada." Master's thesis, Carleton University, Ottawa.
Macklem, Timothy. 1999. "Vriend v. Alberta: Making the Private Public." McGill Law Journal. 44: 197.
Magnet, Joseph E. 2001. Constitutional Law of Canada. Eighth edition.
Majury, Diana. 2002. "The Charter, Equality Rights and Women: Equivocation and Celebration." Osgoode Hall Law Journal. 40(3&4): 297.
Martin, Jorge. 1994. "English Polygamy Law and the Danish Registered Partnership Act: A Case for the Consistent Treatment of Foreign Polygamous Marriages and Danish Same-Sex Marriages in England." Cornell International Law Journal. 27: 419.
Mayer, Ann Elizabeth. 2000-2001. "A 'Benign' Apartheid: How Gender Apartheid Has Been Rationalized." University of California at Los Angeles Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs. 5: 237.
McLaren, John and Howard Coward (eds). 1999. Religious Conscience, the State and Law: Historical Contexts and Contemporary Significance.Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press.
Mill, John Stuart Mill. 1989. On Liberty, with the Subjection of Women and Chapters on Socialism. Edited by Stefan Collini. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Monture-Angus, Patricia. 1999. "Standing Against Canadian Law: Naming Omissions of Race, Culture and Gender." Pp. 76-97 in Locating Law. Edited by Comack. Halifax: Fernwood.
Nedrow, G. Keith. 1981. "Polygamy and the Right to Marry: New Life for an Old Lifestyle." Memphis State University Law Review. 11: 303.
Okin, Susan Moller. 1998. "Feminism and Multiculturalism: Some Tensions." Ethics. University of Chicago. 108: 661.
Orten, Helena. 1990. "Section 15, Benefits Programs and Other Benefits at Law." Manitoba Law Journal. 19: 288.
Orwell, George. 1946. Animal Farm.New York: Harcourt, Brace Jovanovich.
Palmer, Debbie. 2005. Personal interview. March 11.
Peter, Andrew and Allan C. Hutchinson. 1988-89. "Rights in Conflict: The Dilemma of Charter Legitimacy." University of British Columbia Law Review. 23(3): 531.
Porter, Bruce. 1998. "Beyond Andrews: Substantive Equality and Positive Obligations after Eldridge and Vriend." Constitutional Forum. 9(3): 71.
Price-Livingston, Susan. 2002. Beyond Conjugality: Recognizing and Supporting Close Personal Adult Relationships.Law Commission of Canada.
Rachin, Leah. 1997. "The Spousal Assault Policy: A Critical Analysis." Osgoode Hall Law Journal. 35 (Fall): 785.
Schnier, David and Brooke Hintmann. 2001. "An Analysis of Polygyny in Ghana: The Perpetuation of Gender Based Inequality in Africa." Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law. 11: 795.
Sealing, Keith E. 2001. "Polygamists Out of the Closet: Statutory and State Constitutional Prohibitions Against Polygamy are Unconstitutional Under the Free Exercise Clause." Georgia State University Law Review. 17.
Serown, Narinder, 2005. Telephone interview. September 15, 2005.
Shachar, Ayelet. 1998a. "Group Identity and Women's Rights in Family Law: The Perils of Multicultural Accommodation." The Journal of Political Philosophy. 6(3): 285.
-----. 1998b. "Reshaping the Multicultural Model: Group Accommodation and Individual Rights." Windsor Review of Legal and Social Issues. 8: 83.
Sharpe, Robert J., Katherine Swinton and Kent Roach. 2002. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Second edition. Toronto: Irwin Law.
Strassberg, Maura I. 1996-1997. "Distinctions of Form or Substance: Monogamy, Polygamy and Same-Sex Marriage." North Carolina Law Review. 75: 1501.
Tamanaha, Brian Z. 2004. On the Rule of Law: History, Politics, Theory. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
Thompson, R. Bankole and Edna Erez. 1994. "Wife Abuse in Sierra Leone: Polygamous Marriages in a Dual Legal System." International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice. 18.
United Kingdom, The Law Commission. 1971. Family Law Report on Polygamous Marriages.Paper 42. London: Her Majesty Stationary Office.
United Kingdom, The Scottish Law Commission. 1982. Polygamous Marriages: Capacity to Contract a Polygamous Marriage and the Concept of the Potentially Polygamous Marriage.Working Paper No. 82 and Consultative Memorandum No. 56. London: Her Majesty's Stationary Office: London.
Vazquez, Richard A. 2001-2002. "The Practice of Polygamy: Legitimate Free Exercise of Religion or Legitimate Public Menace? Revisiting Reynolds In Light of Modern Constitutional Jurisprudence." New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy. 5: 225.
Von Heyking, John. 2000. "The Harmonization of Heaven and Earth?: Religion, Politics, and Law in Canada." University of British Columbia Law Review. 33: 663.
Walters, Mark. 1999. "The 'Golden Thread' of Continuity: Aboriginal Customs at Common and Law Under the Constitution Act, 1982." McGill Law Journal. 44: 711.
-----. 2003. "Incorporating Common Law into the Constitution of Canada: EGALE v. Canada and the Status of Marriage." Osgoode Hall Law Journal. 41: 75.
Wing, Adrien Katherine. 2001. " Polygamy from Southern Africa to Black Britannia to Black America: Global Critical Race Feminism as Legal Reform for the Twenty-First Century." Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues. 11: 811.
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