Nicotine and cotinine in mothers' and infants' hair

Table 3: Neonatal or delivery complications among the 94 neonates participating in the study

Mothers' smoking status; no. (and %) of neonates

Complication Active smoker Passive smoker Nonsmoker Total no. (and %) p value

Cesarean section 9/35 (26) 6/21 (29) 12/33 (36) 27/89 (30) 0.6

Meconium staining 10/34 (29) 1/21 (5) 3/32 (9) 14/87 (16) 0.04*

Resuscitation 11/34 (32) 5/21 (24) 3/32 (9) 19/87 (22) 0.08

Special care 10/33 (30) 2/20 (10) 1/33 (3) 13/86 (15) 0.006*

*Fisher's exact test for 2 × 2 contingency table comparing groups in which the mothers were active smokers and nonsmokers; no difference between active- and passive-smoking groups was observed.

Table 3: Neonatal or delivery complications among the 94 neonates participating in the study
	Mothers' smoking status; no. (and %) of neonates
Complication	Active smoker	Passive smoker	Nonsmoker	Total no. (and %)	p value
Cesarean section	9/35 (26)	6/21 (29)	12/33 (36)	27/89 (30)	0.6
Meconium staining	10/34 (29)	1/21 (5)	3/32 (9)	14/87 (16)	0.04*
Resuscitation	11/34 (32)	5/21 (24)	3/32 (9)	19/87 (22)	0.08
Special care	10/33 (30)	2/20 (10)	1/33 (3)	13/86 (15)	0.006*
*Fisher's exact test for 2 × 2 contingency table comparing groups in which the mothers were active smokers and nonsmokers; no difference between active- and passive-smoking groups was observed.