| Table 1: Total research and development expenditures* and ratios of research and development spending to sales, 1988-1995 | |||||||
| Ratio of research and development spending to sales | |||||||
| Year | No. of companies reporting | Total research and development expenditures, $ million | Change from previous year, % | Total sales revenues, $ million | Change from previous year, % | All patentees, % | PMAC# patentees, % |
| 1995 | 69 | 623.9 | 11.2 | 5307.6 | 7.1 | 11.8 | 12.5 |
| 1994 | 73 | 561.1 | 11.4 | 4597.4 | 4.4 | 11.3 | 11.6 |
| 1993 | 70 | 503.5 | 22.1 | 4747.6 | 14.0 | 10.6 | 10.7 |
| 1992 | 71 | 412.4 | 9.6 | 4164.4 | 6.9 | 9.9 | 9.8 |
| 1991 | 65 | 376.4 | 23.2 | 3894.8 | 18.1 | 9.7 | 9.6 |
| 1990 | 65 | 305.5 | 24.8 | 3298.8 | 11.0 | 9.3 | 9.2 |
| 1989 | 66 | 244.8 | 47.4 | 2973.0 | 9.4 | 8.2 | 8.1 |
| 1988 | 66 | 165.7 | -- | 2718.0 | -- | 6.1 | 6.5 | *Total expenditures include federal and provincial government grants, capital equipment expenditures and
allowable depreciation expenses. Source: Patented Medicine Prices Review Board.
#PMAC = Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association of Canada. |