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FACULTY
RESEARCH
The research
function of the Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences
can be described as the discovery and sharing of knowledge
as to how the basic, natural, engineering and social sciences
can be applied to serve the needs of Manitoba's agri-food
industry.
Many of
the Faculty's efforts have helped the agri-food industry meet
the challenges of production agriculture. Among the many significant
research contributions of the Faculty are the development
of canola as a major Canadian oilseed crop, the development
of soil testing and classification methodology, farm management
systems, grain storage systems, grain transportation policy
formulation, mosquito control and the role of bees in crop
pollination, value-added product development in the food area,
the development of alternative crops and the development of
the animal industry in the province.
The Faculty's
emerging areas of research strength include agricultural biotechnology,
climate change, functional foods and nutraceuticals, international
agribusiness, manure and waste management, pesticide free
production (PFP), precision agriculture and water quality
and management.
Below
are listed individual faculty members' areas of research.
Department
of Agribusiness and Agricultural Economics
Milton Boyd
Crop insurance in Canada and in China
Potential of Chinese food market for exports of Canadian food
Quantitative analysis of Japanese consumers’ willingness to pay for Canadian pork
Analysis of consumer preferences for genetically-modified Canadian wheat in export markets
Analysis of international agricultural price transmission
Value at risk in financial markets
Derek Brewin
Canadian rural income growth
Farm level pricing and risk management of canola in Western Canada
Viability and sustainability in agricultural communities: residents’ perceptions of community and macro-level causal factors
Regional and individual human capital effects on innovation
Migration and its impact on human and physical capital in rural areas
The integration of new technologies to yield a system to manage Fusarium-contaminated grains by the swine industry
The farm level and regional impacts of forage based manure management
The strategic behavior of the Canadian and Australian Wheat Boards in the Pacific wheat market
The effect of hedge funds on the futures market for wheat in Chicago, Minneapolis and Kansas City
The evolution of the Australian Wheat Board in the context of cooperative economic theory
Ryan Cardwell
The Doha development round and food aid: the effects of export credit strictures on the disposition of food aid
Genetic use restricting technologies in developing countries: an answer to market failures or the death knell to gains from innovation?
The economics of GURTs (Genetic Use Restriction Technologies) in developing countries
Food aid as a tool for surplus disposal; an empirical analysis
An institutional evaluation of food and aid trade rules
Jared Carlberg
Linkages between crop insurance and safety nets
Pricing to value and brand marketing in the beef supply chain
New generation cooperatives in Manitoba: what’s the hold-up?
Brand marketing of beef: extent, opportunities, impediments
Farm-level pricing and risk management of canola in Western Canada
Price discovery in farmland markets
Effects of BSE on the Canadian cattle industry
Economics of green manures as an alternative to traditional nitrogen fertilizers
Barry Coyle
An integrated economic and environmental impact analysis of the Canadian agricultural income stabilization program and production insurance
An econometric model for assessing trade distorting impacts of stabilization programs
Risk and duality models: static’s, dynamics, price uncertainty, yield uncertainty
Econometric duality models incorporating risk and government programs for Manitoba crop insurance
Econometric models of crop acreage and yield decision for Manitoba
Charles Grant
Economic assessment of manure phosphorus regulations for Manitoba’s pig industry
The demand for a price risk management product that combines an insurance and derivatives approach
Gary Johnson
Large livestock node of the greenhouse gas network
Economic assessment of restoring severely eroded land
Sow longevity: modeling as a method of economic analysis
Economic assessment of new environmental regulations for the pig industry in Manitoba
Longevity of sows in conventional and straw-based group-housing systems
Renee Kim
South Korea and China consumer market analysis for pork and genetically-modified food products
Japanese consumers’ willingness to pay for pork attributes
Brian Oleson
Role of cooperatives in Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Argentina
Bio-fuels potential in Canada
Long term profile of Manitoba agriculture
Manitoba’s cattle and beef industry
Department
of Animal Science
Laurie Connor
Effect of CLA supplementation during gestation and lactation on immune status, piglet performance and sow reproduction
Response to E.coli challenge of weaned piglets from sows supplemented with CLA
Factors affecting sow longevity in conventional and alternative housing system.
Gary Crow
Economic criteria for development of a composite line of beef cattle
Breeding objectives for beef cattle
Bill Guenter
Enhancing the nutritional value of chicken eggs
Synergistic effects of Phytase and Xylanase enzymes in poultry diets.
Accessing niche markets for drug-free heritage breeds of chicken
Use of phytase enzyme to reduce phosphorus excretion in swine and poultry manure
Ileal digestibility of feedstuffs for poultry
Wheat-based distillers dried grains and solubles for poultry
James House
Regulation of sulphur amino acid metabolism in the early weaned piglet
Strategies to increase the utilization of fusarium-contaminated grains by swine
Development of optimal strategies for the fortification of eggs with nutrients and bioactives
Development of functional feeds: Alternatives to antibiotics for swine
Investigating the relationship between agronomic factors and the feeding value of Manitoba crops (corn, peas, and wheat-based distiller’s dried grains with solubles) for livestock
A.D. Kennedy
Effect of evening feeding and day length on physiology and production
Use of RFID technology for the measurement of cattle body temperature and behaviour: usefulness for the prediction of animal health, calving and estrus.
Importance of melatonin in the regulation of dairy cow milk yield and reproduction
Denis Krause
Environmental and production benefits of tannin-containing legumes
Improving digestion of dairy cattle with sub-acute ruminal acidosis using diagnostic markers
Development of diagnostic markers for sub-acute ruminal acidosis
Use of ionophores and tannin-rich forages to improve economic and environmental sustainability of Manitoba’s dairy and beef producers
Comparative genomics of Ruminococcus albus
Best management practices to improve sustainability and productivity of forage-based beef cattle production systems
Environmental impacts of spreading hog manure on pasture: pathogens and antibiotic resistance in water
Potato starch and probiotics as alternative to antibiotics in swine diets
Improving nutrient utilization of dairy cows by optimization of feeding time and feeding patterns
Alternatives to antibiotics in swine diets
Mucosal associated microflora and IBD
Prevalence of the Uncultured Bacterial Candidate Phylum, TM7, in IBD Biopsy Tissue
Effect of pulses and pulse fractions on indices of lipid, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, as well as oxidative status in overweight, hyperlipidemic individuals: effects on gut microbial health
Nora Lewis
Transport of early weaned piglets: - water consumption, winter transport
Transport of market hogs
Factors affecting sow longevity in conventional and alternative housing systems
Martin Nyachoti
Digestible amino acid contents in feedstuffs for poultry: A basis for accurate feed formulation
Natural means of controlling gut health and optimizing performance in early-weaned pigs: Research on a new generation enzyme-antibody supplement
Dietary nutrient utilization and gut health benefits associated with the use of low-protein amino acid supplemented diets in pork production
Effect of microbial phytase on amino acid utilization in pigs and broilers fed Western Canadian-type diets
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA): Impact on sow and litter immune status and sow reproductive performance
The potential of the probiotics VSL #3 and raw potato starch as antimicrobial agents in nursery pig production
The use of chemical and physical processes for the removal of deoxynivalenol from cereal grains: Value added opportunities for the livestock industry
Wheat dry distillers’ grains with solubles for swine
Karmin O
Mechanisms of risk factor-induced cardiovascular disorders
Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury
Beneficial effect of nutraceuticals and herbal medicine
Kim Ominski
Best management practices to improve environmental sustainability and productivity of forage production systems using hog manure
Use of tannin-containing legumes to improve the productivity and environmental sustainability of forage-based cattle production systems
Characterization of the management practices and fate of solid manure in annual and perennial crops
Kees Plaizier
Impact of subacute ruminal acidosis on health and production of dairy cows
Development of diagnostic markers for sub-acute ruminal acidosis
Improving rumen digestion in dairy cows: prevention of inflammation and bacterial lysis due to subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA)
Improving diagnosis and treatment of sub-acute ruminal acidosis and butter fat depression in dairy cows
Improving nutrient utilization by optimization of feeding time and feeding patterns
The use of chemical and physical processes for the removal of deoxynivalenol from cereal grains and grain by-products: Value-added opportunities for the livestock industry.
Evaluation of wheat-based distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) as a feedstuff for livestock and poultry
Use of ionophores and tannin-rich forages to improve economic and environmental sustainability of Manitoba's dairy and beef producers
New opportunities in dairy and beef heifer development and dairy cow productivity
Bogdan Slominski
Development of a “new generation” enzyme supplements for animal feeds
Enzyme hydrolysis products (prebiotics) and live microbial feed supplements (probiotics) as natural alternatives to antibiotics in poultry and swine nutrition
Chemical and nutritive characteristics of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS)
Effect of flaxseed on omega-3 fatty acids deposition in poultry products
Quality characteristics and nutritive value of yellow-seeded canola and flax
Karin Wittenberg
Effect of grassland management on grazing animal energy balance
Impact of fertility program on forage quality and utilization
Improved utilization of dried distillers grains in animal diets
Reducing Canada's inventory for cattle enteric methane emissions
Department
of Biosystems Engineering
Ron Britton
Delivery of safety message via electronic media
Incorporating design into undergraduate engineering education
Stefan Cenkowski
Superheated steam processing of Asian noodles – process modelling
Storability of oat groats processed with superheated steam
Equilibrium moisture content characteristics of red lentils
Postharvest technology of sea buckthorn fruits
Rheological properties of the brain
Ying Chen
Incorporation or organic materials into soil
Transition from conventional tillage to no-tillage in heavy clay soils
Development of a low-disturbance and low-cost fertilizer banding opener
Pre-commercialization of a pulsing meter for liquid manure injection in forage fields
The forces and displacements exerted on landmines by mine rollers for humanitarian demining applications
Pyrolysis yields of agricultural biomass as affected by the temperature
Nazim Cicek
Membrane assisted autotrophic de-nitrification of water and waste
water
Effect of wastewater treatment on endocrine disrupting substances
Using natural wetlands for nutrient removal from natural waterways, biopower
generation and GHG displacements
Biohydrogen production with a novel membrane assisted bio-fermentation system
Kris Dick
Fabric-covered buildings
Load path study in strawbale building
Durability of earth-based plaster on straw-wall systems
Evacuated tube solar hot water systems for domestic hot water and heating applications
Nail-laminated and glue-laminated posts for use in post-frame buildings
Structural insulated panels
Digvir Jayas
Machine vision for grain classification
Soft X-ray imaging for detection of insects in grain samples
Grain handling, drying and storage
David Levin
Toward a protein replacement therapy for Rett Syndrome
Hydrogen production from cellulosic biomass
Dispersion of aerosolized biological agents
Danny Mann
Ergonomic evaluation of agricultural guidance systems - task analysis of sprayer operation; modification of tractor-driving simulator
Assistive technology adaptations for farmers with disabilities
Design and evaluation of a non-pressurized headspace biofilter
Design & evaluation of an integrated barn-biofilter-greenhouse system
Jason Morrison
Modelling, measurement and analysis in orthopaedic prosthetic implant surgery and followup
Data measurement and analysis of hyperspectral (spectroscopic) imaging of biological or biomedical samples
Bill Muir
Low temperature control of stored product insects
Computer models of stored-grain ecosystems
Jitendra Paliwal
Spectral techniques to discriminate different wheat classes
Fungal detection in wheat using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging
Integration of near infrared spectroscopy and machine vision for grain quality assessment
Enhancement of chemometric techniques to analyze spectral data
High-speed optics to identify Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK) in wheat
Correcting chromatic aberration and non-uniform pixel sensitivity in InGaAs focal plane array detectors
Disinfestation of wheat using liquid nitrogen
Ranjan Sri Ranjan
Time-domain reflectrometry applications in snow-melt infiltration into soils
Development of sub-irrigated plant production systems for solar greenhouses
Development of decision support system for land application of manure without affecting the groundwater quality in Manitoba
Rhizotron studies for studying the water and salt uptake of halophytes
Image analysis for determining crop water and nutrient stress
Qiang (Chong) Zhang
Odor sampling from earthen manure storage
Modeling of size segregation by vibration in bulk solids storage systems
Thermal performance of solar energy greenhouses
Department
of Entomology
Rob Currie
Control measures for the varroa mite, a parasite of honey bees
Fumigation treatments for the varroa mite in wintering buildings and in colonies
Effect of environmental manipulation on varroa survival in winter
Regulation of queen replacement in honey bee colonies
Impact honey bee nutrition on winter survival of colonies
Selecting honey bee stock for resistance to parasites
Fumigation of honey packages to control varroa mites
Chalkbrood in native leaf cutting bees
Terry Galloway
Monograph on the ticks of Canada
Lice on Manitoba columbiforms
Waste tires and catch basins as sources of mosquitoes in Manitoba, with a focus on
known vectors of West Nile virus.
Hymenopterous parasitoids of horse fly eggs in Manitoba
Biodiversity of ectoparasites on birds and mammals
Genetic diversity in Menacanthus eurysternus on endemic and introduced hosts
Impact of forest burning on diversity and prevalence of small mammal fleas in New
South Wales, Australia
Taxonomy of flea larvae
Biodiversity of feather mites and shaft mites on birds
Occurrence and distribution of Ixodes scapularis and Borrelia burgdorferi in Manitoba
and Saskatchewan
Invasion of pig carcasses by insects and relevance to forensic investigations
Neil Holliday
Management of insect pests in canola
Integrated management of seed alfalfa pest insects
Biological control of insect pests
Effects of forest management and forest succession on arthropods
Biology of Dutch elm disease vectors
Ecology of carabid beetles of beaches
Effects of crop management systems on insect predators
Rob Roughley
The insect fauna of Manitoba
The water beetles of Costa Rica
Biodiversity of tallgrass prairie habitat in Manitoba
Impact of grazing by cattle on biodiversity of ground beetles, spiders and bees in mixed grass prairie habitat in Manitoba
Higher classification of predacious diving beetles, Dytiscidae
Taxonomy of Dytiscus (Dytiscidae) larvae
Phylogeny, biogeography and taxonomic revision of the genus Sanfilippodytes (Dytiscidae)
Water beetles of Churchill.
Insect fauna of Wapusk National Park
Department
of Food Science
Sue Arntfield
Structure-function relationship in the gelation of plant proteins
Isoflavones in Manitoba grown soybeans
Processing quality of Manitoba grown soybeans
Quality evaluation of Manitoba grown soybeans
Superheated steam processing of oat groats
Evaluation of technologies for production of edible snack foods with documented health benefits from peas
Extended studies on Manitoba soybean quality
Trust Beta
Investigating methods to identify antioxidative phytochemicals and enhance antioxidant activity
in grains and processed products
Nutrient content and nutraceutical value of Manitoba fruits
Phenolics as potential bioactives in human milk
Effects of pulses and pulse fractions on oxidative status in overweight, hyperlipidemic individuals
Evaluation of products made using bran fractions enriched in antioxidants
Antioxidative phytochemicals in corn of varying endosperm types
Evaluation of technologies for production of edible snack foods with demonstrated health benefits from peas
Evaluation of technologies for production of edible snack foods with demonstrated health benefits from pulse crops
Greg Blank
Effects of exogenous enzymes in poultry diets on the growth and toxin production by C. perfringens
Use of superheated steam for the microbial decontamination of oat groats
Gary Fulcher
Structure / function relationships in grains and grain-based foods
Effects of dietary grain components on mammalian physiology
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in grain products
Jung (John) Han
Developing bioactive edible films and coatings from yellow field peas to improve food quality and safety
Antimicrobial coatings to improve food shelf-life and safety
Edible antimicrobial coating on meat products to eliminate food-borne pathogens and spoilage bacteria
Purchasing a plastic extruder for the biologically functional plastic production
Nano-encapsulation for delivery of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals using a modified carbohydrate carrier system
Development of novel whey protein products through extrusion of transglutaminase catalyzed polymerization of whey protein
Film-forming mechanism and plasticization of starch
Rick Holley
Mechanism of natural antimicrobial action
Use of lactoferrin to control pathogens in meat products
Use of natural antimicrobials to kill E.coli O157:H7 in fermented meats
Zoonotic pathogen survival in animal environments
Use of superheated stream to kill bacterial spores
Thermal resistance of Salmonella serovars in frozen chicken nuggets
Arnie Hydamaka
Formulation of fruit cakes suitable for diabetics
Nutraceutical potential of mustard
Cheese and yogurt production from goat milk
Nutraceutical potential of Manitoba fruits
Isolation of SDG from organic flaxseed hulls
Biodiesel from waste oil
Flax lignan extraction
Harry Sapirstein
Weather impacts on CWRS wheat quality from producer fields in western Canada
Genotype by environment interaction of weather on grade and breadmaking quality of six Canadian hard milling wheats
Quantification of interactions between weather and fusarium head blight on wheat safety and quality; towards the development of a weather-based predictive model
Optimizing the functionality and antioxidant activity of wheat bran in whole wheat breadmaking using physicochemical treatments
Sensory and analytical studies on the aroma and flavor of wheat bran and whole wheat bread from red and white wheats
Patterns of accumulation of wheat gluten proteins during kernel development in response to weather variation
Weather, location and fertility effects on durum wheat semolina strength and colour for pasta making
Genotype by environment interaction of weather on wheat noodle flavanoids and quality
Martin Scanlon
Quality preservation during food processing
Mechanical properties, structure and texture of biological materials
Potato processing
Wheat flour, dough and bread: Processing links
Department
of Plant Science
Murray Ballance
Molecular and biochemical characterization of the host pathogen interactions between Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and wheat
Anita Brûlé-Babel
Wheat breeding
Genetics of disease resistance in wheat
Genetics of herbicide resistance
Leaf spotting diseases of wheat
Fusarium head blight of wheat
Evaluation of wheat for feed
Fouad Daayf
Molecular and biochemical mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions, including plant defense and pathogen counterdefense
Roles of the phenylpropanoid and terpenoid pathways in defense mechanisms
Biological control in potatoes and other horticultural crops
Martin Entz
Long-term crop rotation studies
Organic crop production research
Water use in pastures
Dilantha Fernando
Genetic diversity, and avirulence genes in pathogenicity groups of blackleg pathogen
Biological control of canola diseases with bacteria, study of volatile antibiotics, antibiotic genes and in-situ expression of these genes
Induced systemic resistance by non-aggressive strains of pathogens and biocontrol bacteria
Breeding for disease resistance in high erucic acid rape and low linolenic canola
Biotic and abiotic factors on the pseudothecial development of Blackleg, and sclerotial development of Sclerotinia pathogens
Wheat-Fusarium epidemiology, biological control and breeding for disease resistance
Virulence and genetic multiplicity of the Fusarium-wilt pathogen of canola
Genetic variation, mycelial compatibility groups, gene flow and population structure of Sclerotinia from a worldwide collection
Brian Fristensky
Gene expression in fungal defense in canola
Detection and quantitation of biases in sequence databases
The BIRCH bioinformatics platform
Jane Froese
Distribution of soil salinity in dry bean fields
Soil erosion risk and mitigation through crop rotation in organic and conventional cropping systems
Underseeding perennial ryegrass in non-traditional annual crops
Resource use of annual, cover, crop, and perennial cropping systems, as well as the native grass system
Phosphorus and nitrogen fertility and fertilizer practices in Manitoba soybeans
Hemp agronomy
Rob Hill
Hemoglobins and hypoxic stress
Characterization and mode of action of ABA hormone receptors
Lakhdar Lamari
Genetics and physiology of host‑parasite interactions in leaf spot diseases of wheat: tan spot and Septoria leaf blotch
Pasmo of flax
Epidemiology
Disease quantification using computer image analysis
Genyi Li
Marker development and marker assisted selection for disease resistance in brassica
Development of molecular markers for use in marker assisted selection in canola/rapeseed breeding
Gary Martens
Remote sensing of weeds using low cost technology aerial photographs
Anhydrous ammonia in weed and disease management
Peter McVetty
Canola/rapeseed agronomy and breeding
Canola/rapeseed pollination control system development and breeding method comparisons
High erucic acid summer rape (Brassica napus) cultivar development
Transgenic herbicide resistant summer rape (Brassica napus) cultivar development
Transgenic disease resistant summer rape (Brassica napus) cultivar development
Molecular marker development/use in summer rape (Brassica napus)
Claudio Stasolla
Effects of the redox state of the culture medium during embryogenesis
Nucleotide metabolism during morphogenesis in vitro
Identification of regulatory genes expressed during somatic embryogenesis
Department
of Soil Science
Wole Akinremi
Temperature and moisture effects on the mineralization of nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon from
organic amendments
Measurement and simulation of nitrate leaching from hog manure
Nitrate and solute transport within the landscape
The effect of N, P and S interaction on the agronomic and environmental availability of phosphorus
Forms and reactivity on manure phosphorus from swine diets amended with phytase
Movement of organic and inorganic P through the soil profile
Evaluation of the degree of P saturation for assessing the risk of P loss in Manitoba soils
Brian Amiro
Carbon, water and energy fluxes from forests
Future fire weather and carbon balances
Nitrous Oxide fluxes from agricultural soils
Paul Bullock
Drought Research Initiative
Variable rate nitrogen applications using canopy reflectance and response indices
Quantifying weather impacts on crop yields and quality
Assessing agrometeorological risk for crop production
Annemieke Farenhorst
Developing the Canadian Indicator of Risk of Water Contamination by Pesticides (IRWOC-Pest)
Pesticide fate modeling at field and regional scales to assess environmental risks
Experimental work on the fate of herbicides and estrogens in air, soil and water at field and regional scales
Don Flaten
Effects of sulphur nutrition on grain quality of wheat
Effects of application date, landscape position, and nitrification inhibitor on efficiency of fall banded nitrogen fertilizer in Manitoba)
Influence of pulse crop rotation and controlled release urea on protein accumulation and quality in CWRS wheat
Optimum canola production: fertilization, crop protection, and genetic yield potential
Effect of co-precipitated gypsum with calcium carbonate on soil test extractable S
Agronomic efficiency of homogeneous NPS fertilizer
N and S use by hybrid versus open pollinated canola
P sorption capacity of Manitoba soils
Best management practices for liquid hog manure on forage
Bioavailability and biocycling of cadmium in soils and crops
Effect of phytase supplementation on P solubility in manure
Relationship between chemical measures of P availability and P loss in simulated runoff and erosion from soils
Watershed evaluation of beneficial watershed management practices
Phosphorus risk indicators: correlation with water quality in Manitoba
Economic assessment of the new environmental regulations for the pig industry in Manitoba
N2O emissions and N losses from fall banded NBPT-DCD treated vs. conventional urea
Solid cattle manure as a nutrient source in annual and forage cropping systems
Forms of P in different manures and their impact on P runoff and leaching losses
Crop rotations and N supply from soil
Tee Boon Goh
Humilite for reclamation of environmentally impacted land
Agronomy of soybeans in Manitoba
The soil mineralogy and chemistry of the fertilizer zone greatly control the efficacy and efficiency of anhydrous ammonia in the field
The charge characteristics of highly weathered soils
David Lobb
Materials and methods to measure tillage translocation
Factors that affect tillage translocation and tillage erosion
Models of tillage translocation and tillage erosion
Impacts of tillage erosion on agriculture and the environment
Impacts of tillage translocation and tillage erosion on indicators of soil redistribution
Mario Tenuta
Temporal dynamics of greenhouse gas fluxes linked to bio-physical soil processes
Tannin containing legumes in confined livestock feeding systems
Laboratory for the study of freeze-thaw dynamics of soil
Green Crop Network
Double inhibitor urea to limit nitrous oxide emissions
Organic amendments and green manures to control early dying of potato
The Integrating Natural/Medical/Social Study of the Arctic Environment
Metals in the holistic environment
Manure nutrients in sensitive soil
Regulation of vigorous emissions of N2O from thawing soil
Landscape-scale measurement and upscaling of processes leading to N2O emissions from soil
Best Management Practices for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from integrated livestock production system
Reducing Salmonella transfer to the environment
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