Sketches of a Little Town and Margaret Laurence's Manawaka books which showed me what a Canadian small town was like and of course Terrace is an Ontario town because the people who founded it are from Ontario. Terrace was founded in 1911. There had been settlers there before, white settlers, but the town was started because of the mill to cut ties for the CN--whatever the CN was called then--the Grand Trunk Pacific--and the man who founded it, George Little, set up his mill to cut the ties and then by 1913 there was this enormous pile of tie ends, heap of tie ends, and someone thought it was a great idea to set this on fire--a day I think that was very much like the day of the San Francisco earthquake in 1906. It was hot and windy--a great day to start a fire on a hot windy day and the resulting fire leaped the Skeena River twice and destroyed 70% of the usable timber within 3 miles of Terrace. So as a result of this, the city fathers then brought out all these saplings from Ontario and planted them along the streets of Terrace, so all over Terrace there are now 80 year old trees from Ontario of various kinds and it has the little straight streets and the main street that leads down to the lake, except it's a river, like in Leacock. So that's when I arrived and as I began teaching I realized that here I am in the very world that Leacock and Laurence and also Sinclair Ross in a starker way describes a town called Horizon in For Me and My House but then I realized it was changing--it was becoming something else, it was becoming what it is now--a terminal of the global village and so in that period I can see the whole transition from bourgeois society which was based upon the main street to what we have now based upon the mall. I can see it as a period in my understanding of society under capitalism and I can see it as a period in my understanding of what Canada was, and what Canada was is coming to an end, has come to an end and I can also see it, I guess, as the centre of my life in a way, my mature years, so to speak, spent in this activity of teaching which I hadn't done much of before, which I don't really intend to do much more of from now on unless I have to for money. I probably will. I don't mind going back and teaching every couple of years, a couple of sections, but ya, I feel that that period of my life--the Terrace period even though my base is still Terrace, my base really is the North. As soon as I get out of Terrace, like on the bus a couple of miles away from Terrace, I realize that this is the country where I live. I really love this country, but I forget that when I'm in Terrace because I know just too much about both the small town politics of the place and also seeing it as a terminal and outpost of the global village. So ya, I think that period has pretty much come to an end although, you know, I have another long poem in manuscript now--called Terrace Landscapes, so that now maybe that I think of it I started out in Terrace with Mountains and Air and maybe I am finishing it with this other long poem which I haven't even looked at yet and my plan for this poem, because the last manuscript I have been working on I've gotten, oh I think 5 poems out of it now, 2 that are published in North Coast Collection and 3 in the Capilano Reviewand there are about 3 or 4 more poems to come out of it, but it's been a very tortured and complicated manuscript to work with. I've been working for 6 months, 19 drafts etc. as I was describing before--of a single poem which is maybe 2 pages long and then deciding well, it's not a poem--balling it up and throwing it in the waste basket. So with this new Terrace Landscapes I've decided I'm not going to do anything with it at all--not change a single word, maybe not even a misspelling until I have a clear idea of what it is in its entirety--so I'm going to read it over and read it over, and read it over until I can almost live with it in my mind away from the page before I do anything with it.

B:It's curious at this point that you go back to write San Francisco's Gone which takes you back into family and some real contemplation and description of that experience.

G:The poem "Opening Day" was the first attempt at dealing with that material. They're all focused around the earthquake of 1906.