Public Health Agency of Canada
Symbol of the Government of Canada

HIV/ AIDS and Health Determinants: Lessons for Coordinating Policy and Action

Previous | Table of Contents

A Discussion Paper for the Ministerial Council on AIDS

References

  • Adams, Michael. n. d. HIV and homeless shelters: Policy and practice Washington, DC: American Civil Liberties AIDS Project.
  • AIDS Alert. 1998. As HIV spreads among injection drug users, treatment lags behind. 1 October.
  • AIDS Vancouver. 1997. Paradigms lost: Examining the impact of a shift from health promotion to population health on HIV/ AIDS policy and programs in Canada Vancouver: Health Canada, Canadian AIDS Society.
  • AIDS Vancouver. 2000. Strategic Plan, 2000-2003 Vancouver. AIDS Weekly. 1992. HIV disease and AIDS in women: Current knowledge and a research agenda. 19 October.
  • AIDS Weekly Plus. 1996. Conference coverage societal factors lead to spread of HIV. 15 July.
  • AIDS Weekly Plus. 2000. HIV/ AIDS an epidemic among Aboriginal communities in Canada. 10 July.
  • AIDS Weekly Plus. 2000. Treatment difficult for HIV infected street youth.

  • Ainsworth, Martha. 1997. Setting government priorities in preventing HIV/ AIDS Washington, DC: World Bank.
  • Ainsworth, Martha, and Innocent Semali. 2001. Who is most likely to die of AIDS? Socioeconomic correlates of adult deaths in Kagera Region, Tanzania. In Confronting AIDS: Evidence from the developing world eds. Martha Ainsworth, Lieve Fransen, and Over Mead. ( http://europa.eu.int/comm/development/aids/limelette/html/lim06.htm)
  • Albert, Terry, and G. Williams. 1998. The economic burden of HIV/ AIDS in Canada Ottawa: Canadian Policy Research Networks. CPRN Study, H02.
  • Albertyn, Cathi. 2000. Using rights and the law to reduce women's vulnerability to HIV/ AIDS: A discussion paper Montreal: Canadian HIV/ AIDS Legal Network and the Canadian AIDS Society.
  • Alessio, Gary, A. Kwok, D. Lynch, W. Nutland, and S. Wright. July 2001. The neglect of policy and social determinants: A critique of the UK s approach to gay men s prevention. Poster presentation at the AIDS Impact Conference held in Brighton,
    UK 8-11 July, 2001.
  • All-Party Parliamentary Group on AIDS. 2001. The UK, HIV and human rights: Recommendations for the next five years London: All-Party Parliamentary Group on AIDS.
  • Anastos, Kathryn, et al. 2000. Association of race and gender with HIV-1 RNA levels and immunologic progression. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 24: 218-226.
  • Anderson, Joan, and David Garmaise. 2001. Towards a broader view of health: Strengthening inter-ministerial collaboration on HIV/ AIDS in Canada. Ottawa: Ministerial Council on HIV/ AIDS.
  • Anderson, Roy, Geoff Garnett, and Polly Weiss. 1999. The dynamics and determinants of HIV in high-income countries. In the Health Canada and UNAIDS Dialogue on HIV/ AIDS, Policy Dilemmas Facing Governments held in Montebello, QC 8-10 November, 1999.
  • Armstrong P. , H. Armstrong, D. Coburn, eds. 2001. Unhealthy times: Political economy perspectives on health and care Toronto: Oxford University Press.
  • Auerback, J. A. , and B. K. Krimgold. 2001. Income, socioeconomic status and health: Exploring the relationships. National Policy Association, Academy for Health Services Research and Health Policy.
  • Australia. 2000. Changes and Challenges: National AIDS strategy 1999-2000 to 2003-2004. Canberra City, Australia: Commonwealth of Australia, Department of Health and Aged Care.
  • Australian National Council on AIDS and Related Diseases. 1999. Proving partnership: Review of the national HIV/ AIDS strategy 1996-97 to 1998-99 Canberra City, Australia: Commonwealth of Australia.
  • Barnett, W. Steven. 1985. Benefit-cost analysis of the Perry Preschool Program and its policy implications. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 7, no. 4: 333-42.
    Back to top
  • Bartholow, B. N. , et al. 1994. Emotional, behavioral and HIV risks associated with sexual abuse among adult homosexual and bisexual men. Child Abuse and Neglect 18, no. 9: 747-61.
  • Baum, Marianna K. , et al. 1997. HIV-1 infection is associated with severe nutritional deficiencies. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 16: 272-278.
  • BC Aboriginal HIV/ AIDS Task Force. 1999. The red road: Pathways to wholeness: An Aboriginal strategy for HIV and AIDS in British Columbia Vancouver: BC Aboriginal HIV/ AIDS Task Force.
  • Bell, Brian. 1999. Legal, ethical and human rights issues raised by HIV/ AIDS: Where do we go from here? Planning for 1998-2003: A Planning Report Montreal: Canadian HIV/ AIDS Legal Network.
  • Bell, N. J. , K. K. O. O Neil, Du Feng, and C. J. Schoenrock. 1999. Gender and sexual risk. Sex Roles: A Journal of Research September.
  • Berrueta-Clement, John R. , L. J. Schweinhart, W. S. Barnett, A. S. Epstein, and D. P. Weikart. 1984. Changed lives. The effects of the Perry Preschool Program on youths through age 19 Ypsilanti, MI: The High/ Scope Press.
  • Bezruchka, Stephen. 2001. Societal hierarchy and the health Olympics. Canadian Medical Association Journal 162, no. 12: 1701-3.
  • Booker, S. , and W. Minter. 2001. Global Apartheid. The Nation 9 July. Brink, Sarah, and Allen Zeesman. 1997. Measuring social well-being: An index of social health for Canada. Ottawa: Applied Research Branch, Strategic Policy, Human Resources Development Canada. R-97-9E.
  • British Columbia HIV/ AIDS Strategy Advisory Committee. 1998. British Columbia's framework for action on HIV/ AIDS Victoria: Ministry of Health and Ministry Responsible for Seniors.
  • Canada, Health Canada. 1998. Taking Action on Population Health. A Position Paper for Health Promotion and Programs Branch Staff Prepared by the Population Health Development Division, Population Health Directorate.
  • Canada, Health Canada. 2001. Report on the United Nations General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) on HIV/ AIDS Prepared by the International Affairs Directorate, Health Policy and Communications Branch. June.
  • Canada, House of Commons. 1996. Study on poverty and discrimination 5 November. Canada, Statistics Canada. 2001. Food insecurity in Canadian households. The Daily August 15.
  • Canadian AIDS Society. October 1996. Poverty, discrimination and HIV/ AIDS. A Brief to the Parliamentary Sub-Committee on HIV/ AIDS
  • Canadian Health Services Research Foundation. 2000. Health Services Research and Evidence-Based Decision-Making June.
  • Canadian Health Services Research Foundation. 2000. Knowledge transfer: Looking beyond health. October.
  • Canadian Public Health Association. 1997. Special edition on population health. Canadian
    AIDS News
    10, no. 1.
  • Carballo-Dieguez, A. , and C. Dolezal. 1995. Association between history of childhood sexual abuse and adult HIV-risk sexual behavior in Puerto Rican men who have sex with men. Child Abuse and Neglect 19, no. 5: 595-605.
  • Carr, Adam. 1991. Behaviour change in response to the HIV epidemic: Some analogies and lessons from the experience of the gay communities Geneva: UNDP HIV and Development Programme.
  • Case, Anne, Darren Lubotsky, and Christina Paxson. 2001. Economic status and health in childhood: The origins of the gradient Princeton, NJ: Princeton University, Center for Health and Wellbeing. Draft 08544.
  • CDC Prevention News Update. 2001. Higher HIV rates among gay Latino men who face racism. Associated Press [ New York ] , 13 July 2001.
  • Center for AIDS Prevention Studies. n. d. What are homeless people's HIV prevention needs? San Francisco: University of California, AIDS Research Institute.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1997. Strategies for preventing HIV in women. Are some populations more affected than others. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2001. HIV prevention strategic plan through 2005 Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2001. Prevention news update: HIV prevention intervention research studies - social and environmental interventions to prevent HIV Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
  • Centre for Social Justice. 2001. When Markets Fail People: Exploring the widening gap between rich and poor in Canada October. (http://www.socialjustice.org/ )
  • Cernetig, Miro. 1997. Where death gets a double shot. The call to clean up a hotbed of heroin and HIV in Canada s poorest ghetto. ( Globe and Mail [ Toronto ] , 8 October 1997, 2( A) )
  • Chapple. M. J. , S. Kippax, and G. Smith. 1998. Semi-straight sort of sex : Class and gay community attachment explored within a framework of older homosexually active men. Journal of Homosexuality 35, no. 2: 65-83.
  • Checkley, G. E. , S. C. Thompson, N. Crofts, A. M. Mijch, and F. K. Judd. 1996. HIV in the mentally ill. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 30, no. 2: 184-94.
  • Chernesky, R. H. , and B. Grube. 2000. Examining the HIV/ AIDS case management process. Health and Social Work 25, no. 4: 243-54.
  • Cott, Cheryl A. , Monique A. M. Gignac, and Elizabeth M. Badley. 1999. Determinants of self rated health for Canadians with chronic disease and disability. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 53: 731-36.
  • Crary, David. 2001. Bitterness, Resilience Coexist in Alabama s Segregated Prison Unit for HIV-infected Inmates. ( Associated Press [ New York ] , 14 August 2001)
    Back to top
  • Culhane, D. P. , E. Gollub, R. Kuhn, and M. Shpaner. 2001. The co-occurrence of AIDS and homelessness: Results from the integration of administrative databases for AIDS surveillance and public shelter utilization in Philadelphia. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 55 ( July) : 515-520.
  • Cunningham, R. M. , A. R. Stiffman, P. Dore, F. Earls. 1994. The association of physical and sexual abuse with HIV risk behaviors in adolescence and young adulthood: Implications for public health. Child Abuse and Neglect 18, no. 3: 233-45.
  • Daniels, N. , B. Kennedy, and I. Kawachi. 2000. Justice is good for our health. Boston Review 25, no. 1: 4-19.
  • de Bruyn, Theodore. 1998. HIV/ AIDS and discrimination: A discussion paper Montreal: Canadian HIV/ AIDS Legal Network and the Canadian AIDS Society.
  • Deamant, C. , M. Cohen, S. Barkan, J. Richardson, G. FitzGerald, M. Young, S. Holman, K. Anastos, J. Cohen, and S. Melnick. 1996. Prevalence of domestic and childhood abuse among women with HIV and high risk unaffected women. XIth International Conference on AIDS held in Vancouver 7-12 July, 1996. Mo. C. 224.
  • Deaton, Angus. 2001. Health, i nequality and economic development. National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper 8318. ( www.nber.org/papers/w8318)
  • Donovan, B. , and M. W. Ross. 2000. Preventing HIV: Determinants of sexual behaviour. The Lancet 355 ( May) : 1897-1901.
  • Dunn, James, and Isabel Dyck. 1998. Social determinants of health in Canada's immigrant population: Results from the national population health survey Vancouver: Vancouver Centre of Excellence, Research on Immigration and Integration in the Metropolis. Working Paper Series 98-20.
  • El-Bassel, N. , et al. 1998. Partner violence and sexual HIV-risk behaviors among women in an inner city emergency department. Violence and Victims 13, no. 4: 377-93.
  • Entwisle, Stephen. n. d. Aboriginals and HIV/ AIDS Calgary: AIDS Calgary Awareness Association. Briefing document # 15.
  • European Commission. 1999. HIV/ AIDS and poverty. Human and Social Development Issues 10 ( February) .
  • Evans, Timothy, Margaret Whitehead, Finn Diderichsen, Abbas Bhuiya and Meg Wirth, eds. 2001. Challenging inequalities in health: From ethics to action New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Ezzy D. , and R. De Visser. 1999. Poverty, disease progression and employment among people living with HIV/ AIDS in Australia. AIDS Care 11, no. 4: 405-14.
  • Falkin, G. P. , and S. M. Strauss. 2000. Drug-using women s communication with social supporters about HIV/ AIDS issues. Journal of Drug Issues 30, no. 4: 801-21.
  • Farmer, P. , F. Leandre, J. S. Mukherjee, and M. S. Claude. 2001. Community-based approaches to HIV treatment in resource-poor settings. The Lancet 358 ( August) : 404-09.
  • Federal, Provincial and Territorial Advisory Committee on Population Health. 1996. Report on the health of Canadians Ottawa: Minister of public Works and Government Services Canada.
  • Federal, Provincial and Territorial Advisory Committee on Population Health. 1999. Toward a healthy future: Second report on the health of Canadians Ottawa: Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada.
  • Federal, Provincial and Territorial Ministers Responsible for the Status of Women. 2001. Women's economic independence and security Ottawa.
  • Fineberg, Harvey V. 2000. 2000: No time to lose: Getting more from HIV prevention Washington: Institute of Medicine, Committee on HIV Prevention Strategies in the United States. Public briefing.
  • Fisher B, Hovell M, Hofstetter CR et al. 1995. Risks associated with long-term homelessness among women: battery, rape and HIV Infection. International Journal of Health Services 28: 77-83.
  • Gamble, Vanessa N. 2000. The Tuskegee syphilis study and women s health. Journal of the American Medical Women's Association v, no. i.
  • Gilligan, J. 1996. Violence: Our deadly epidemic and its causes New York: GP Putnam s Sons.
  • Glouberman, Sholom. 2001. Towards a New Perspective on Health Policy Ottawa: Canadian Policy Research Networks. CPRN Study, H03.
  • Goldberg, Carey. 2001. Boston Medical Center Turns to Lawyers for a Cure. New York Times, n. d.
    Back to top

  • Goldfinger, S. M. , E. Susser, B. A. Roche, and A. Berkman. n. d. HIV, homelessness and serious mental illness: Implications for policy and practice Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services.
  • Goodman, L. A. , and R. D. Fallot. 1998. HIV risk-behavior in poor urban women with serious mental disorders: Association with childhood physical and sexual abuse. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 68, no. 1: 73-83.
  • Guildford, Janet. 2000. Making the case for social and economic inclusion Ottawa: Health Canada, Population and Public Health Branch, Atlantic Region.
  • Hayes, Michael, and Sholom Glouberman. 1999. Population health, sustainable development and policy futures Ottawa: Canadian Policy Research Networks.
  • Health Canada, the Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse, the Alberta Alcohol and Drug Abuse Commission, the Alberta Health AIDS Program. 1994. Proceedings of the Second National Workshop on HIV, Alcohol and Other Drug Use held in Edmonton, AB 6-9 February, 1994.
  • Health Canada. 1997. National health expenditures in Canada: Fact sheets Ottawa: Policy and Consultation Branch.
  • Health Canada. 1999. AIDS and ethnicity in Canada HIV/ AIDS Epi Update. Ottawa: Bureau of HIV/ AIDS, STD and TB Update Series. May.
  • Health Canada. 2000a. HIV and AIDS among Aboriginal people in Canada. HIV/ AIDS Epi Update. Ottawa: Bureau of HIV/ AIDS, STD and TB Update Series.
  • Health Canada . 2000b. Legacy discussion paper: An overview of HIV/ AIDS in Canada Ottawa: CSHA Direction-Setting and Work Planning Task Group.
  • Health Canada. 2000c. Report of First International Dialogue on HIV/ AIDS: Policy dilemmas facing governments Ottawa: Health Canada and UNAIDS.
  • Health Canada. 2000d. Summary of research findings on women and HIV/ AIDS, 1995-2000 Ottawa: National Reference Group on Women and HIV/ AIDS. Draft.
  • Health Canada. 2001a. HIV and AIDS in Canada: Surveillance report to December 31, 2000 Ottawa: Division of HIV/ AIDS Epidemiology and Surveillance, Bureau of HIV/ AIDS, STD and TB, Population and Public Health Branch.
  • Health Canada. 2001b. HIV and AIDS among youth in Canada. HIV/ AIDS Epi Update. Ottawa: Bureau of HIV/ AIDS, STD and TB Update Series. May.
  • Health Canada. 2001c. HIV/ AIDS among Aboriginal persons in Canada remains a pressing issue HIV/ AIDS Epi Update. Ottawa: Bureau of HIV/ AIDS, STD and TB Update
    Series. May.
  • Health Canada. 2001d. Risk behaviours among injecting drug users in Canada. HIV/ AIDS Epi Update. Ottawa: Bureau of HIV/ AIDS, STD and TB Update Series. May.
  • Healthy People 2010. 2000. A systematic approach to health improvement Heath, K. V. , P. G. Cornelisse, S. A. Strathdee, A. Palepu, M. L. Miller, M. T. Schechter, M. V. O Shaughnessy, and R. S. Hogg. 1999. HIV-associated risk factors among young Canadian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal men who have sex with men. International Journal of STD and AIDS 10, no. 9: 582-87.
  • Henderson, C. W. 2000. All men make a difference. AIDS Weekly 4-11 December, 17-18. Henderson. C. W. 2000. Breaking the silence on abuse of women and HIV. Women's Health Weekly 31 August.
  • Hilton, B. A. , R. Thompson, L. Moore-Dempsey, and R. G. Janzen. 2001. Harm reduction theories and strategies: A review of the literature. Journal of Advanced Nursing 33, no. 3: 357-70.
  • Hobbs, M. S. T. , and K. Jamrozik. 1997. Medical care and public health. In Oxford Textbook of public health eds. R. Detels, W. W. Holland, J. McEwan, and G. S. Omenn, 232. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Hogg, R. S. , K. J. P. Craib, M. O Shaughnessy, M. Pi, and M. Schechter. 1999. Through the looking glass: The health and socio-economic status of Hepatitis C positive transfusion recipients, 1986-1990 The Evidence Speaks Monograph No. 2. Vancouver: Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences.
  • Hogg, R. S. , S. A. Strathdee, K. J. P. Craib, M. V. O Shaughnessy, J. S. G. Montaner, and M. T. Schechter. 1994. Lower socio-economic status and shorter survival following HIV infection. The Lancet 344 ( October) : 1120-24.
  • Hogg, Robert S. , et al. 1996. Shorter survival following HIV infection is associated with lower socioeconomic status. In BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/ AIDS, HIV/ AIDS research in British Columbia: A ten year retrospective Vancouver: BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/ AIDS.
  • Hou, S. I. , and K. Basen-Engquist. 1997. Human immunodeficiency virus risk behavior among white and Asian/ Pacific Islander high school students in the United States: Does culture make a difference? Journal of Adolescence Health 20, no. 1: 68-74.
  • Hughes, R. A. 2001. The lives of drug injectors and English social policy. Journal of Health and Social Policy 13, no. 2: 75-91.
  • Hwang, Stephen W. 2001. Homelessness and health. Canadian Medical Association Journal 164, no. 2: 229-33.
  • Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/ AIDS. 2000. AIDS epidemic update: December 2000 Geneva: UNAIDS and the World Health Organization.
  • Keen, J. 1999. Managing drug misuse in general practice. British Medical Journal 318 ( June) : 1503-04.
  • Kellington, S. , M. Desroches, G. Kjar, S. Lyndon. 2000. Listen up! Women are talking about strategies to reduce social risks for HIV/ AIDS infection and illness progression. Women & Environments 1 July, 26-28.
  • Kirby, Douglas. 1995. Sex and HIV/ AIDS education in schools. British Medical Journal 311 ( August) : 403.
  • Kirkham, C. M. , and D. J. Lobb. 1998. The British Columbia positive women s survey: A detailed profile of 110 HIV-infected women. Canadian Medical Association 158, no. 3: 317-23.
  • Lamothe, F. , N. Lachance, J. Vincelette, E. L. Franco, J. Bruneau, J. Soto, and A. Vassal. 2001. Sex-specific determinants of HIV infection among injection drug users in Montreal. Canadian Medical Association Journal 164, no. 6: 767-773.
  • Landsberg, Michele. 2001. UN recognizes women double victims of AIDS Sunday Star [ Toronto ] , 1 July 2001, 2( A) .
    Back to top

  • Larkin, June A. 2000. Women, poverty and HIV infection. Canadian Woman Studies 20, no. 3: 137-41.
  • Lenderking, W. R. , C. Wold, K. H. Mayer, R. Goldstein, E. Losina, and G. R. Seage. 1997. Childhood sexual abuse among homosexual men: Prevalence and association with unsafe sex. Journal of General Internal Medicine 12, no. 4: 250-53.
  • Lesserman, Jane, et al. 1999. Progression to AIDS: The effects of stress, depressive symptoms and social support. Psychomatic Medicine 61: 397-406.
  • Lewis, J. Richard, and David P. Boyle. 2000. Reducing AIDS and substance abuse risk factors among homeless, HIV-infected, drug-using persons. Research on Social Work Practice 10, no. 1: 15-34.
  • Lord, Michal Anne, and Irma O Dell. 2000. Recreation and AIDS: Reflections and reaffirmation. Parks and Recreation 35, no. 7: 38-44.
  • Lynch, J. W. , G. D. Smith, G. A. Kaplan, and J. S. House. 2000. Income inequality and mortality: Importance to health of individual income, psychosocial environment or material conditions. British Medical Journal 320 ( April) : 1200-04.
  • MacIntyre, S. , and M. Petticrew. 2000. Good intentions and received wisdom are not enough. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 54: 802-03.

  • MacIntyre, S. , I. Chalmers, R. Horton, and R. Smith. 2001. Using evidence to inform health policy: Case study. British Medical Journal 322 ( January) : 222-25.
  • Mann, J. T. 1996. Health and human rights. British Medical Journal 312 ( April) : 924-25. Manning, Alex. 2000. HIV/ AIDS programmes should focus on improved access. British Medical Journal 321 ( October) : 963.
  • Martindale, S. L. , S. A. Strathdee, R. S. Hogg, P. G. A. Cornelisse, and M. L. Miller. 1997. Evidence of psychological distress in a cohort of young gay/ bisexual men. Presentation to the BC AIDS Conference held in Vancouver 26-27 October, 1997
  • Martinkainen, P. , T. Valkonen, and T. Martelin. 2001. Change in male and female life expectancy by social class: Decomposition by age and cause of death in Finland, 1971-95. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 55 ( July) : 494-499.
  • Mate, Gabor. 2001. Embraced by the Needle. Drugs don t cause substance abuse, emotional pain does. ( Globe and Mail [ Toronto ] , 27 August 2001, 9( A) )
  • Matthews, BR. 1990. Homeless youth and AIDS: knowledge, attitudes and behaviour. Medical Journal of Australia 153, 20-23.
  • McCarthy, G. M. , J. J. Koval, J. K. MacDonald. 1999. Factors associated with refusal to treat HIV-infected patients: The results of a national survey of dentists in Canada. American Journal of Public Health 89, no. 4: 541-45.
  • McCulloch, Andrew. 2001. Social environments and health: Cross sectional national survey. British Medical Journal 323 ( July) : 208-09.
  • McGinnis, J. M. 2001. Does proof matter? Why strong evidence sometimes yields weak action. American Journal of Health Promotion 15, no. 5: 391-96.
  • McGreal, Chris. 2001. How Mbeki Stoked South Africa s AIDS Catastrophe. ( Guardian [ London ] , 12 June 2001)
  • McKay, Alexander. 2000. Review of sexually transmitted infections in different populations: A review of behaviourally effective interventions. Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality 9, no. 2: 95-120.
  • McKinlay, John B. 1993. The promotion of health through planned sociopolitical change: Challenges for research and policy. Social Science & Medicine (UK) 36, no. 2: 109-17.
  • Mead, Over. 2001. The effects of societal variables on urban rates of HIV infection in developing countries: An exploratory analysis. In Confronting AIDS: Evidence from the developing world eds. Martha Ainsworth, Lieve Fransen, and Over Mead.
    ( http://europa.eu.int/comm/development/aids/limelette/html/lim02.htm. )
  • Medrano, M. A. , et al. 1999. Histories of childhood trauma and the effects on risky HIV behaviors in a sample of women drug users. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 25, no. 4: 593-606.
  • Millar, John S. 1992. A report on the health of British Columbians: Provincial health officer's annual report Victoria: BC Ministry of Health, Office of the Provincial Health Officer.
  • Millar, John S. 1998. HIV, hepatitis and injection drug use in British Columbia: Pay now or pay later Victoria: BC Ministry of Health, Office of the Provincial Health Officer.
  • Miller, Mary Lou, S. A. Strathdee, S. Martinadale S, and P. G. A. Cornelisse. 1997. Characteristics of male sex trade workers enrolled in a prospective study of HIV incidence. Presentation to the BC AIDS Conference held in Vancouver 26-27 October, 1997
  • Minister s HIV/ AIDS Advisory Committee. 2000. 1999/ 2000 Annual Report Victoria, BC: Ministry of Health and Ministry Responsible for Seniors.
  • Minnesota. 2001. A call to action: Advancing health for all through social and economic change St. Paul, MN: Department of Health, Division of Community Health Services.
  • Monitoring the AIDS Pandemic ( MAP) Network. 1998. The determinants of the HIV/ AIDS epidemics in eastern Europe. Symposium of the MAP Network held in Veryrier du Lac, France in conjunction with the 12th World AIDS Conference, Geneva, Switzerland 28 June- 2 July, 1998.
  • Murray, C. , and J. Frenk. 2001. World Health Report 2000: A step towards evidence-based health policy. The Lancet 357 ( May) : 1698-1700.
  • Mustard JF, Frank J. 1991. The Determinants of Health Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, CIAR Publication No. 5, Toronto.
  • Nagy-Agren, S. 2001. Infectious diseases and women s health: Link to social and economic development. Journal of the American Medical Women's Association 56, no. 3.
  • National Reference Group. 2001. Valuing gay men's lives: Reinvigorating HIV prevention in the context of our health and wellness Saskatoon: Canadian Strategy on HIV/ AIDS and the Gay and Lesbian Health Services of Saskatoon.
  • O Brian, O. , and L. Tierney. 1998. The Irish dimension to drug use and HIV in Britain. Journal of Drug Issues 28, no. 1: 167-85.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2001. Society at a glance: OECD social indicators Paris: OECD Publications.
  • Palepu, A. , et al. 1999. The social determinants of emergency department and hospital use by injection drug users in Canada. Journal of Urban Health 76, no. 4: 409-18.
  • Perchal P. , and J. Brook. 1995. A population health framework for addressing the health issues and concerns of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender communities August.
  • Petrak J. , A. Byrne, and M. Baker. 2000. The association between abuse in childhood and STD/ HIV risk behaviours in female genitourinary ( GU) clinic attendees. Sexually Transmitted Infections: The Journal of Sexual Health & HIV 76, no. 6: 457-61.
  • Picard, Andre. 2001. Didn t someone say the war was over? ( Globe and Mail [ Toronto ] , 30 June 2001, 1( F) , 8( F) )
    Back to top

  • Piot, Peter. 2001a. A gendered epidemic: Women and the risks and burdens of HIV. Journal of the American Medical Women's Association 56, no. 3.
  • Piot, Peter. 2001b. Statement to the World Conference Against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance held in Durban, South Africa 4 September, 2001.
  • Potter, Ian. 1998. In the name of health: Canada s experience in adopting and implementing a population health perspective. Speech to the Cambridge International Health Leadership Program, 15-22 April, 1998.
  • Pyett, P. M. , and B. R. Haste. 1996. Risk practices for HIV infection and other STDs amongst female prostitute working in legalized brothels. AIDS Care 8, no. 1: 85-94.
  • Report by the Strategic Policy Making Team to the United Kingdom, Cabinet Office. 1999. Professional policy making for the twenty-first century. ( http://www.cabinet-office.gov.uk/moderngov/)
  • Rogers, Rosemary. 1992. HIV and harm reduction for homeless youth. Youth Studies 11, no. 4: 23-27.
  • Romer, D. , et. al. 1999. Parental influence on adolescent sexual behavior in high-poverty settings. Pediatric Adolescence Medicine 153, no. 10: 1055-62.
  • Rosenberg, S. D. , S. L. Trumbetta, K. T. Mueser, L. A. Goodman, F. C. Osher, R. M. Vidaver, and D. S. Metzger. 2001. Determinants of risk behavior for human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in people with severe mental illness. Comprehensive Psychiatry 42, no. 4: 263-71.
  • Rosenthal D. , and S. Moore. 1994. Homeless youths: Sexual and drug-related behaviour, sexual beliefs and HIV/ AIDS risk. AIDS Care 6, no. 1: 83-94.
  • Ross, M. W. 1990. Psychological determinants of increased condom use and safer sex in homosexual men: A longitudinal study . International Journal of STD and AIDS 1, no. 2:
    98-101.
  • Ross, N. A. , M. C. Wolfson, J. R. Dunn, J. M. Berthelot, G. A. Kaplan, and J. W. Lynch. 2000. Relation between income equality and mortality in Canada and the United States: Cross sectional assessment using census data and vital statistics. British Medical Journal 320 ( April) : 898-902.
  • Rothman, K. J. , H. O. Adami, and D. Trichopoulos. 1998. Should the mission of epidemiology include the eradication of poverty? The Lancet 352 ( September) : 810-13.
  • Ruiz, Juan, et al. 2000. Prevalence of HIV infection, sexually transmitted diseases, and hepatitis and related risk behavior in young women living in low-income neighbourhoods of northern California. Western Journal of Medicine 172 ( June) : 368-72.
  • Ruiz, Monica S. , A. R. Gable, E. H. Kaplan, M. A. Stoto, H. Fineberg, and J. Trussell J. , eds. 2000. No time to lose: Getting more from HIV prevention Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine, Committee on HIV Prevention Strategies in the United States. Prepublication copy.
  • Ryan, Bill. 2000. Framing gay men's health in a population health discourse: A discussion paper Montreal: Canadian HIV/ AIDS Legal Network and the Canadian AIDS Society.
  • Sack, Kevin. 2001. Epidemic takes toll on black women. New York Times Magazine 3 July, np.
  • Schechter, Martin, et al. 1996. Higher socioeconomic status is associated with slower progression of HIV infection independent of access to health care. In BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/ AIDS, HIV/ AIDS research in British Columbia: A ten year retrospective Vancouver: BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/ AIDS.
  • Schilder, A. J. , C. Kennedy, I. L. Goldstone, R. D. Ogden, R. S. Hogg, and M. V. O. O Shaughnessy. 2001. Being dealt with as a whole person. Care seeking and adherence: The benefits of culturally competent care. Social Science & Medicine 52: 1643-59.
  • Schilder, A. J. , K. J. P. Craib, I. L. Goldstone, K. Chan, W. Campbell, R. S. Hogg, and M. V. O Shaugnessy. 2000. What are the levels of childhood sexual abuse and assault among sub-groups of persons with HIV in British Columbia? Poster presentation at the Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association held in Boston 12-16 November, 2000
  • Silverman, J. G. , A. Raj, L. A. Mucci, and J. E. Hathaway. 2001. Dating violence against adolescent girls and associated substance use, unhealthy weight control, sexual risk behavior, pregnancy and suicidality. Journal of the American Medical Association 286, no. 5: 572-79.
  • Simoni, J. M. , M. T. Ng. 2000. Trauma, coping and depression among women with HIV/ AIDS in New York City. AIDS Care 12, no. 5: 567-581.
  • Smith, G. D. , Shah Ebrahim, and S. Frankel, S. 2001. How policy informs the evidence. British Medical Journal 322 ( January) : 184-95.
  • Smith, Richard, ed. 1999. Medicine and the marginalized. British Medical Journal 319 ( December) : 1589-1590.
  • Spigelman, Martin. 1996. Money Well Spent: Investing in Crime Prevention Prepared by Martin Spigelman Research Associates for the Economic Analysis Committee, National Crime Prevention Council. September.
  • Spigelman, Martin. 2001a. Taking Stock: Assessing the Adequacy of the Government of Canada Investment in the Canadian Strategy on HIV/ AIDS Prepared by Martin Spigelman Research Associates for the Ministerial Council on HIV/ AIDS. January.
  • Spigelman, Martin. 2001b. 'Sharing Experiences. ' Learning from Five Countries' Experiences with the HIV/ AIDS Epidemic Prepared by Martin Spigelman Research Associates for the Department Program Evaluation Division, Health Canada. June.
    Back to top

  • St Lawrence JS, Brasfield TL. 1995. HIV risk behavior among homeless adults. AIDS Education and Prevention 7: 22-31.
  • Starfield, B. 2000. Is U. S. health really the best in the world? Journal of the American Medical Association 284, no. 4: 483-85.
  • Starfield, B. 2001. Basic concepts in population health and health care. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 55 ( July) : 452-54.
  • Steiner, B. D. , C. G. Shields, G. L. Noble, W. H. Bayer. 1994. Associations with high-risk sexual behavior: A survey of young men of color attending urban youth centers. Journal of the American Board of Family Practice 7, no. 3: 266-8.
  • Stewart-Brown, S. , and R. Layte. Emotional health problems are the most important cause of disability in adults of working age: A study in the four counties of the old Oxford region. Journal of Epidemiology Community Health 51, no. 6: 672-75.
  • Stillwaggon, Eileen. 2000. Determinants of HIV transmission in Africa and Latin America. Durban: AIDS Economics Symposium.
  • Stillwaggon, Eileen. 2001. AIDS and Poverty in Africa. The Nation 21 May. Stolberg, Sheryl Gay. 2001. In AIDS War, New Weapons and New Victims. New York Times, June 3.
  • Stowe A. , and M. V. Ross. 1993. Significant relationships and social supports of injecting drug users and their implications for HIV/ AIDS services. AIDS Care 5, no. 1: 23-34.
  • Strathdee, S. , et al. 1996a. Sexual abuse is an independent predictor for sexual risk-taking among young HIV-negative gay men: Results from a prospective study at baseline. Presentation to the XIth International Conference on AIDS held in Vancouver 7-12 July, 1996.
  • Strathdee, S. A. , D. M. Patrick, C. Archibald, M. Ofner, K. J. P. Craib, P. G. A. Cornelisse, G. Eades, M. T. Schechter, M. Rekar, and M. V. O Shaughnessy. 1996b. Social determinants predict needle sharing behaviour among injection drug users in Vancouver. Presentation to the XIth International Conference on AIDS held in Vancouver 7-12 July, 1996.
  • Strathdee, Steffanie A, R. S. Hogg, S. L. Martindale, P. G. A. Cornelisse, K. J. P. Craib, A. Shilder, J. S. G. Montaner, M. V. O Shaunessy, and M. T. Schechter. 1996c. XIth International Conference on AIDS held in Vancouver 7-12 July, 1996 Mo. C. 900.
  • Strathdee, Steffanie. 1997. Social determinants related to the risk of HIV infection and progression to AIDS. The Clarion 4, no. 1: 2-4.
  • Strathdee, S. A. , R. S. Hogg, S. L. Martinadale, P. G. A. Cornelisse, K. J. P. Craib, J. S. G. Montaner, M. V. O Shaughnessy, and M. T. Schechter. 1998. Determinants of sexual risk-taking among young HIV-negative gay and bisexual men. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and Human Retroviruses 19: 61-66.
  • Strathdee, Steffanie A. , Stephen L. Martindale, Peter G. A. Cornelisse, Mary Lou Miller, Kevin J. P. Craib, Martin T. Schechter, Michael V. O Shaughnessy, and Robert S. Hogg. 2000. HIV infection and risk behaviours among young gay and bisexual men in Vancouver. Canadian Medical Association Journal 162, no. 1: 21 5.
  • Strathdee, Steffanie A. , Noya Galai, Mahboobeh Safaiean, David D. Celentano, David Vlahov, Lisette Johnson, and Kenrad E. Nelson. 2001. Sex differences in risk factors for HIV seroconversion among injection drug users: A 10-year perspective. Archives of Internal Medicine 161, no. 10: 1281-88.
  • Sweinhart LJ, Barnes HV, Weikart DP, Barnett WS, Epstein AS. 1993. Significant Benefits: The High/ Scope Perry Preschool Study Through Age 27 Ypsilanti, Michigan: High/ Scope Press.
  • Swindells, Susan, et al. 1999. Quality of life in patients with HIV infection: Impact of social support, coping style and hopelessness. International Journal of STD and AIDS 10: 381-91.
  • Terrence Higgins Trust. 2001. Social exclusion and HIV: A report. ( http://www.tht.org.uk) Thomson H, M. Petticrew, and D. Morrison. 2001. Health effects of housing improvement: Systematic review of intervention studies. British Medical Journal 323 ( July) : 187-190.
  • Thompson, S. C. , et al. 1997. HIV risk behaviour and HIV testing of psychiatric patients in Melbourne. New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 4: 566-76.
  • Trussler, Terry, Rick Marchand. 1997. Field guide: Community HIV health promotion. Vancouver: AIDS Vancouver, Health Canada and the Canadian AIDS Society.
  • Trussler, Terry. 2000. Theorizing gay health against endemic HIV infection Vancouver: Community Based Research Centre, AIDS Vancouver.
  • Trussler, T. , P. Perchal, and A. Barker. 2000. Between what is said and what is done : Cultural constructs and young gay men s HIV vulnerability. Psychology, Health and Medicine 5, no. 3: 296-305.
  • Tucker, Cynthia. 2001. In AIDS fight, homophobia hinders blacks. Atlanta Constitution 17 June, np.
  • UNAIDS. 1997. Women and AIDS: UNAIDS point of view. Best Practice Collection. Geneva: United Nations.
  • UNAIDS. 1999a. Gender and HIV/ AIDS: Taking stock of research and programmes UNAIDS Best Practices Collection. Geneva: United Nations.
  • UNAIDS. 1999b. Sex and youth: Contextual factors affecting risk for HIV/ AIDS: A comparative analysis of multi-site studies in developing countries Geneva: United Nations.
  • UNAIDS. 1999c. Sexual behavioural change for HIV: Where have theories taken us? Geneva: United Nations.
  • UNAIDS. 1999d. Summary booklet of best practices (http://www.unaids.org/en/)
  • UNAIDS. 2000a. AIDS and men who have sex with men: UNAIDS technical update Best Practice Collection. Geneva: United Nations.
  • UNAIDS. 2000b. Innovative approaches to HIV prevention, selected case studies. Geneva: United Nations.
    Back to top

  • UNAIDS. 2000c. National responses to the epidemic: Factors that make a difference. Report on the global HIV/ AIDS epidemic. Geneva: United Nations.
  • UNAIDS. 2001a. Fighting HIV-related intolerance: Exposing the links between racism, stigma and discrimination Geneva: UNAIDS and the World Health Organization.
  • UNAIDS. 2001b. Fact Sheet: An overview of the AIDS epidemic Prepared for the United Nations Special Session on HIV/ AIDS, June. (http://www.unaids.org/en/MediaCentre/PressMaterials/FactSheets.asp)
  • UNAIDS. 2001c. Fact Sheet: Gender and HIV/ AIDS Prepared for the United Nations Special Session on HIV/ AIDS, June. ( http://www.unaids.org/en/MediaCentre/PressMaterials/FactSheets.asp)
  • UNAIDS. 2001d. Fact Sheet: Global Crisis - Global Action. HIV/ AIDS - A Governance Challenge Prepared for the United Nations Special Session on HIV/ AIDS, June. ( http://www.unaids.org/en/MediaCentre/PressMaterials/FactSheets.asp)
  • UNAIDS. 2001e. Fact Sheet: Global Crisis - Global Action. Prevention Prepared for the United Nations Special Session on HIV/ AIDS, June. ( http://www.unaids.org/en/MediaCentre/PressMaterials/FactSheets.asp)
  • UNAIDS. 2001f. Fact Sheet: Orphans and children in a world of AIDS Prepared for the United Nations Special Session on HIV/ AIDS, June. ( http://www.unaids.org/en/MediaCentre/PressMaterials/FactSheets.asp)
  • UNAIDS. n. d. Agenda for action: Background materials to the 4th World Conference on women. Geneva: United Nations.
  • United Kingdom. 1998. Independent inquiry into inequalities in health London: Stationary Office.
  • United States. 1997. The national AIDS strategy Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  • Van de Ven, P. , et al. 1997. Gay youth and their precautionary sexual behaviors: The Sydney men and sexual health study. AIDS Education and Prevention 9, no. 5: 395-410.
  • Vancouver HIV/ AIDS Care Coordinating Committee. 2000. Strategies report, 1999-2002. Vancouver: University of British Columbia, Department of Health Care and Epidemiology.
  • Vancouver Sun. 1996. AIDS in the street: A special report. By Margaret Munro. June 29. ( Saturday Review) .
  • Vancouver Sun. 1996. Vancouver researchers honoured for study linking AIDS and sexual abuse. Monday, July 8 ( A9) .
  • Veenstra, Gerry. 2001. Social and health. ISUMA 2, no. 1: 72-81. Voight, Robert. 1994. Socioeconomic characteristics are associated with rate of weight loss in homosexual men Vancouver: BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/ AIDS.
  • Waller, Irvin, and Dick Weiler. 1984. Crime prevention through social development: An overview with sources Ottawa: Canadian Council on Social Development.
  • Weatherburn, P. , P. Davies, F. Hickson, and M. Hartley. 1999. A class apart: The social stratification of HIV infection among homosexually active men Sigma Research and the Community HIV and AIDS Prevention Strategy.
  • Whynot, Elizabeth M. 1998. Women who use injection drugs: The social context of risk. Canadian Medical Association Journal 159, no. 4: 355-58.
  • Wight, Daniel. 1999. Cultural factors in young heterosexual men s perception of HIV risk. Sociology of Health and Illness 21, no. 6: 735-59.
  • Wingood, G. M. , and R. J. DiClemente. 1997. Child sexual abuse, HIV sexual risk and gender relations of African-American women. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 13, no. 5: 380-4.
  • Woodward, Alistair, and Ichiro Kawachi. 2000. Why reduce health inequalities? Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 54: 923-29.
  • World Health Organization. 1995. International consultation for policy-makers on women and AIDS in preparation for the Beijing conference. In Global Programme on AIDS held in Geneva February 6-8, 1995
  • Worrall, Steve, and Martin Kirk. 2001. Report on the fourth national CHAPS conference. Current HIV Education ( Spring) : 11.
  • Zigler, E. , and S. J. Styfco. 1994. Is the Perry Preschool better than Head Start? : Yes and no. Early Childhood Research Quarterly 9, no. 3-4: 269-287.
  • Zollner, H. , and S. Lessof. August 1998. Population health: Putting concepts into action Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe.
    Back to top

Appendix A - Information Sources
Literature Data Bases

InfoAction ( The Information & Research Centre, infoact@vpl.vancouver.bc.ca) at the Vancouver Public Library searched the following sources for relevant literature:

  • OCLC including PAIS, Social Sciences Abstracts, SIRS, ECO, Proceedings and WilsonSelectPlus
  • All Canadian HIV/ AIDS-related associations from the Associations Canada List
  • Canadian Business and Current Affairs ( including scholarly journals)
  • Dow Jones Health and Medical ( The Lancet, Women and Environments, AIDS Weekly, AIDS Alert)
  • Applied Science and Technology Index
  • Health Canada, Bureau of HIV/ AIDS, STD and TB website
  • BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/ AIDS
  • Canadian Bureau of HIV/ AIDS
  • BC Ministry of Health
  • Vanguard Project
  • Canadian Foundation for Drug Policy
  • National Resource Centre on Homelessness and Mental Illness
  • Microlog and the Canadian Research Index ( government/ consultants reports
  • Canadian News Disc (Canadian newspapers)
  • Ebsco including Health Source Academic, Academic Source Elite and Masterfile databases
  • Medline for North America, Europe and Australia
  • European Database on AIDS and HIV ( www.edoa.org)
  • National AIDS Trust ( United Kingdom)
  • Sigma Research ( United Kingdom)
  • U. K. Department of Health
  • European Commission
  • E-Library
  • British HIV Association/ Foundation for AIDS
  • HIV Outreach Research Project
  • Community HIV and AIDS Promotion Strategy
  • UNAIDS
  • World Health Organization
  • University of British Columbia Library Catalogue
  • Electric Library
  • Vancouver Public Library Catalogue
  • Government and institutional websites from Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and elsewhere
  • Australian National HIV/ AIDS Strategy site
  • National Centre in HIV Social Research
  • Australian Research Centre in Health and Society

List Serves
The following list serves produced over 30 responses from Canada, the United States, Bolivia, UNAIDS, the United Kingdom, Italy, India, Saudi Arabia, Gambia, South Africa and elsewhere.

 

  • European Union, HIV/ AIDS Programme in Developing Countries: http://europa.eu.int/comm/development/aids/index.htm
  • Health and Development Networks: http://www.hdnet.org/home.asp
  • AIDS Education and Prevention, An Interdisciplinary Journal: http://www.guilford.com
  • The Rockefeller Foundation: http://www.rockfound.org/display.asp?Context=
    1&Collection=1&Preview=0&ARCurrent=1
  • Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Canada: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/index-eng.php

Previous | Table of Contents