[Table of Contents]

Volume: 26S6 - October 2000

1998/1999 Canadian Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Surveillance Report

A Final Word: STD and HIV Co-infection

The relation between sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and HIV is complex. To date, what is known about STD and HIV synergy is that STD infections and HIV infections often coexist; that STDs likely increase the efficacy of transmission of HIV and increase the susceptibility to infection; and that preventing STD has, in some cases, been shown to prevent HIV infection.

The HIV epidemic in Canada closely parallels STD incidence in terms of highest risk groups and trends in incidence. Co-infections of STD and HIV represent a potential incidence reservoir and thus an intervention opportunity. If being diagnosed and thereby treated for an STD actually leads to a decrease in HIV incidence, the diagnosis of STD has moved to the forefront in public health importance. In terms of public policy, implementing STD prevention and control strategies to help prevent HIV makes good sense because of the common risk factors and behaviours. Health Canada needs to develop strong linkages between STD and HIV testing and prevention programs. STD prevention and control needs to be a major weapon in any HIV prevention arsenal.

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