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Feature Articles |
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1. The effect of bipolar I disorder and major depressive disorder on workforce function |
PDF version |
2. A new population-based measure of the economic burden of mental illness in Canada |
PDF version |
3. The evolution of HPV-related anogenital cancers reported in Quebec – Incidence rates and survival
probabilities |
PDF version |
Chronic Diseases in Canada (CDIC) is a quarterly scientific journal focussing on current evidence relevant to the control and prevention of chronic (i.e. non-communicable) diseases and injuries in Canada. Since 1980 the journal has published a unique blend of peer-reviewed feature articles by authors from the public and private sectors and which may include research from such fields as epidemiology, public/community health, biostatistics, the behavioural sciences, and health services or economics. Only feature articles are peer reviewed. Authors retain responsibility for the content of their articles; the opinions expressed are not necessarily those of the CDIC editorial committee nor of the Public Health Agency of Canada.
Authors: RS McIntyre, MD, FRCPC; K Wilkins, MSc.; H Gilmour, MA; JK Soczynska, HBSc.; JZ Konarksi, MSc.; A Miranda; HO Woldeyohannes, HBSc.; D Vagic, MD; M Alsuwaidan, MD; SH Kennedy, MD, FRCPC
Abstract:
This investigation was undertaken to explore and compare the effect of bipolar I disorder
(BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) on workforce function. The data for this
analysis were procured from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 1.2).
The sample consisted of 20 747 individuals (≥ 18 years old and currently working);
the proportions screening positive for lifetime BD and MDD were 2.4% and 11.2%,
respectively. Individuals with BD or MDD had a signifi cantly lower mean annual income,
compared to people without these disorders. Individuals with BD had a signifi cantly lower
annual income when compared to MDD (p < 0.05). Results from a multiple logistic
regression also indicate that employed individuals with BD had greater odds of reporting
one or more mental health disability days in the past two weeks, compared with those
with MDD (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.0 to 2.6). Currently employed individuals with BD
had lower odds of “good job security” relative to those with MDD (OR = 0.6 95% CI =
0.5 to 0.9). The data herein underscore the pernicious effect of BD on workforce function,
and suggest that opportunistic screening for BD in all individuals utilizing employment
assistance programs for depression might be warranted.
Authors: K-L Lim, PhD; P Jacobs, PhD; A Ohinmaa, PhD; D Schopflocher, PhD; CS Dewa, PhD
Abstract:
This paper presents a comprehensive measure of the incremental economic burden of
mental illness in Canada which incorporates the use of medical resources and productivity
losses due to long-term and short-term disability, as well as reductions in health-related
quality of life (HRQOL), for the diagnosed and undiagnosed population with mental
illness. The analysis was based on the population-based Canadian Community Health
Survey Cycle 2.1 (2003). For all persons, we measured all health services utilization, longterm
and short-term work loss, and health-related quality of life and their dollar valuations,
with the economic burden being the difference in dollar measures between the populations
with and without mental health problems. In total, the economic burden was $51 billion
in 2003. Over one-half was due to reductions in HRQOL. The current accepted practice in
economic assessments is to include changes in medical resource use, work loss, and
reductions in HRQOL.
Authors: R Louchini, MSc; P Goggin, MD, MSc; M Steben, MD
Abstract:
Non-cervical anogenital cancers (i.e. anal, vulvar, vaginal and penile cancers) associated
with the human papillomavirus (HPV), for which HPV is known to be the necessary cause
of carcinogenesis, are poorly documented due to their relatively low incidence rate. The
aim of this study is to describe the incidence rates of these cancers between 1984 and 2001,
and their relative survival probabilities, in Quebec (Canada) between 1984 and 1998. The
incidence of these cancers is on the rise, particularly anal cancer in women and, more
recently (since 1993-95), vulvar cancer. Between 1984-86 and 1993-95, the 5-year relative
survival probability for men with anal cancer decreased from 57% to 46%, while that for
penile cancer dropped from 75% to 59%. However, during the same period, the 5-year
relative survival probability for women with anal cancer rose from 56% to 65%, and
remained stable for cervical and vulvar cancers, at 74% and 82%, respectively.