SUMMARY

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Words key:

 Hegemony. Culture. Cultural Disipatives Structures. Indeterminism. Chaos. Anthropology. Cultural Analysis. Theory of Systems. Complexity. Fluctuations. Bifurcation. Catastrophes.

1.   Situating the problem:

 The project is the result of a restlessness directed to systematize Antonio Gramsci's thought on the culture, coherent thought but disperse to all the long of its extensive work. Initially it was thought of elaborating a "Gramscian's Theory of the Culture"; but the development of the project modified this intention, toward the development of a basic exploratory approach to a wider theory; that is to say, not strictly Gramscian's. In such a sense, starting from the bibliographical revision on new proposals of cultural analysis, the author arrived to the final idea of producing a synthesis of the Gramscian's conceptualization, inside the widest outline in the "complex dynamic structures", for that which the proposal of Ilya Prigogine of those was used «structure disipatives» and the «order for fluctuations». The investigation problem was defined, then, in terms of the elaboration of a model of cultural analysis that integrated the relationship between the hegemony concepts and culture, characteristic of the Gramsci's, thought with the indeterminist paradigm, of quantum root, provided by the theory of those «disipatives structures» and of the «order for fluctuations».

2.      Objectives:

·        To systematize Antonio Gramsci's thought on the culture for, starting from there, to formulate a model of cultural analysis that gives bill of their three basic dimensions: the «anthropological dimension or abstract dimension», «the historical-abstract or logical dimension» and the «concrete dimension».

·        To develop the «anthropological dimension» to provide the general epistemologic foundation, applied to the analysis of the Gramsci's thought.

·        To develop the «the historical-abstract or logical dimension» to build the pattern of cultural analysis based on the relationship between the hegemony concepts and culture.

·        To develop the concept of «cultural disipatives structures» to integrate in him the theory of the hegemony with the theory of the complexity represented by those «disipatives structures».

·        To demonstrate that, in the new integrated model, the culture can be understood as a group of manifestations of conceptions of the world, inscribed in the mark of the correlations of forces among the «social bases» that integrate a given cultural system, and that this systems are governed by a «order for fluctuations»; that is to say, for stochastic and probabilistic processes, of uncertain nature.

3.      Results:

The most important results in the project can be summarized this way:

·        Characterization of the three basic dimensions implied in the construction of a model of cultural analysis: the «anthropological dimension or abstract dimension», «the historical-abstract or logical dimension» and the «concrete dimension».

·        Development of the «anthropological dimension» or «abstract dimension» and demonstration of the hypothesis that the culture can be explained as the group of the man's generic being's manifestations; that is to say of its condition specifically human.

·        Development of the «the historical-abstract or logical dimension» and demonstration of the hypothesis that the culture can be understood as a group of manifestations of conceptions of the world, organized by means of instances of ideological articulation that, in turn, they are regulated by the fluctuations of the correlations of forces among the «social bases» that integrate those «cultural systems».

·        Development of the relationship among «hegemony» and «culture» and design of the theoretical pattern of description of the relationships among «social bases», «condition existence materials», «interest and historical necessities», and «conceptions of the world»; and of configuration of «social blocks», «ideological blocks», «hegemonic blocks» and «cultural blocks». Definition of the relationship between hegemony and «historical block», and between hegemony and «public opinion». And position of the notion of «organic crisis» of the «historical block» and irruption of a new culture.

·        Elaboration of the basic position of definition of the «Cultural Disipatives Structures», their description in fields of phases, definition of their systemic character, explanation of the «order for fluctuations» that it governs their behavior, and presentation of the basic outline of the methodology of analysis cultural denominated Model of Analysis for Fields of Interface, developed starting from the notion of «Cultural Disipatives Structures» and already used in projects of applied investigation.

4.      Conclusions and recommendations:

·        The project provides a structured vision and coherent of a novel model of cultural analysis, but it doesn't reach to configure a properly this theory, because many of the theoretical suppositions used in its formulation should be enlarged and applied for its scientific validation. Such they are the cases of the theories of the bifurcation, the theory of catastrophes, the theory of the singularities, the fractales theory, to only refer to those mentioned in the text.

·        The bibliographical revision showed the existence of investigations applied in related areas that of the project, that could not be analyzed thoroughly by reasons of time, but that they should be studied and confronted with the basic proposal, like part of the validation process.

·        For these reasons, the main recommendation is to continue up with the development of the points mentioned, with the purpose of pointing to the formulation of a «theory» compactly formulated and sustained.