Life in the Lumber Camps
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Glossary

Logging in the Mississagi River Valley

Logging in Northern Ontario

Methods of Logging

Lumber camps were run by a foreman, and were all built with basically the same design: the office, sleep camp, cookhouse, blacksmith shop and stable. The cookhouse was the only building which varied, being built to the preferences of the cook.

There was usually a head cook, a second cook and about four cookies in a camp. The cook would often use a diner triangle or a horn to signal that it was suppertime. The men would enter the cookhouse, sit down, eat, and then leave. There was very rarely any talking involved at mealtime. The food was always good, and there was plenty of it.

At first the diet in the lumber camps was mainly salt pork, molasses, baked beans and tea, but then farmers began selling potatoes, carrots, turnips and fresh beef to the camps, as well as hay for the horses. Food and hay were hauled to the camps by the farmers, on sleighs during the winter and on high-wheeled wagons in the summertime.

Camp 11 Photo courtesy of Blind River Timber Village Museum Left:A Logging Camp in the Mississagi Region
Below:Horses Used For Logging
Horses Used For Logging Photo courtesy of Blind River Timber Village Museum

When someone in the camp was sick or hurt, they were often too far from a doctor to get help. In the later days, men were sometimes taken to town in the back of a truck - this could be a rough ride, especially for someone not feeling well. Occasionally there would be a doctor who would make rounds of the camps.

Most bunkhouses housed about 50 men. This meant that there was often the rather unpleasant smells of tarpaper, drying socks, tobacco smoke and the stable mixed together. Some larger camps, however, did keep washerwomen who made sure the men's laundry, at least, was clean.

Because the loggers worked from the first light of morning to the last light at night, their only times for fun were Saturday nights. On this night, lights were allowed on until 10 pm, instead of 9 pm like on other nights. Many camps had 'deacons' who were in charge of the entertainment. Music was often played, usually on the violin and sometimes on the mouth-organ or accordion. Loggers would make up their own songs or change the words to songs that already existed. And there were, of course, a few songs sung by all loggers in all camps around the Mississagi River Valley area. These well-known songs usually included lyrics about food, employers and wages. They insulted the food, ridiculed the employers and complained about the wages (in 1906, the wages were anywhere from thirteen dollars a month for a choreboy to sixty dollars for the foreman). The loggers who made up songs tended to sing about how brave they were - often exaggerating - and about dangerous things they had done. They also enjoyed bragging about how tough and strong they were.

River Hogs
on a
River
Drive
River Hogs Taking  Time Out Photo courtesy of  Blind River Timber Village Museum Taking
Time
Out
to
Pose

However, the coming of radio and television in the early 1900's erased the need for these Saturday night jamborees, finishing an era of true logger spirit and tradition.

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