Basic Facts

Size:  6.4-11.5 cm

Description: The hind legs of this species are larger and sturdier than the front legs. The tail is compressed and knife-edged on top. Adults are grey or brown with muddy markings. The markings stand out well in smaller individuals and may be difficult to detect in larger, older specimens. Juveniles have five to eight pairs of round spots down the back which are bordered by a dark wavy line. There is usually a light line running from the eye to the jaw.

Distribution: This species is found in southern Quebec and New Brunswick. It is widespread in the mountainous regions of eastern North America.

Feeding

larva: carnivorous
adult: carnivorous
food: This salamander feeds on small invertebrates, earthworms, slugs, snails, crustaceans, spiders, mites and insects.

Habitat

egg: terrestrial
larva: aquatic
adult: terrestrial



Dusky salamander
Desmognathus fuscus

Adult
image
David Green


Life history

Breeding season: Breeding occurs in the fall and throughout the spring.

Egg habitat: This salamander lays its eggs on land in shallow depressions under sphagnum moss, logs or stones that are near water.

Clutch size: 12 - 26 eggs are deposited.

Description: Females remain in the egg nest and brood the clutch for two months. Larvae stay for a short period in the moist hatching site before moving to water to complete development.

Adult habitat: These salamanders are usually found near streams, springs and brooks. It is most often encountered along the edges of small woodland streams under stones, wood and other debris. The home range of Dusky salamanders is small.

Conservation

Larvae of this species are affected by high concentrations of dissolved solids in their aquatic habitat. Activities affecting hydrological conditions and causing water pollution are generally detrimental to this species. Changes in stream conditions following elimination of forest at the edge of streams also affects their survival. The removal of tree cover and the reduction in shaded streamside habitats is a specific threat. - small home range 0.1 - 3.6 square meters.