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The Fossil Cliffs of Joggins
'But the finest example in the world of a natural exposure in a continuous
section ten miles long, occurs in the sea cliffs bordering a branch of the Bay
of Fundy in Nova Scotia.'
Sir Charles Lyell, 1871
The famous coastal cliff section at Joggins, Nova Scotia has long been one of
the world's most celebrated geological sites. The cliffs hold an unparalleled
record of the vast equatorial wetland ecosystems of the 'Coal Age', over 300
million years ago, that gave rise to the vast coal deposits of North America and
Europe. This spectacular record is continually replenished in the cliffs by the
erosive forces of the world's highest tides in the Bay of Fundy.
As Sir Charles Lyell tetified in his famous, book Principles of Geology, Joggins holds records for standing fossil trees of the Carboniferous wetlands and animals great and small that were its denizens. These include
the first land snails, crawling and flying insects, diminutive and gargantuan
millipedes, amphibians and the first reptiles known on earth. Equally
represented are the inhabitants of the waters that touched the feet of the
towering lycopsid trees, including remains of sharks, rays, fish, crustaceans
and other invertebrates.
The fossil cliffs of Joggins surely represent an 'outstanding example
representing a major stage of the earth's history, including the record of
life...' to paraphrase UNESCO requirements for World Heritage inscription. The
designation of the Joggins fossil cliffs as a UNESCO World Heritage site is the
ultimate goal of the committee currently working to develop a sustainable
management plan for the cliffs, working hand in hand with the community. The
Joggins World Heritage Committee includes representatives of the community, the
Nova Scotia Museum, Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, Cumberland
Geological Society and Fundy Geological Museum, under the umbrella of the
Cumberland Regional Development Association (CREDA).
The digital collections represented here offer a glimpse at some of this
paleontological heritage. The cliffs and its fossils today are protected under legislation: the
Special Places Protection Act. The Nova Scotia Museum issues Heritage Research
Permits to paleontologists investigating the fossil record of Joggins, and
people who encounter loose fossils on the shore are encouraged to bring them to
the attention of the locally run Joggins Fossil Centre, the nearby Fundy
Geological Museum in Parrsboro, or the Nova Scotia Museum in Halifax, where the
most important specimens can be studied and shared with the world, as on this
website.
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