Born,
Hamburg, Germany, 1904, Gerhard Herzberg was an exceptional student graduating,
Darmstadt Technical University, in addition to the University of Gottingen,
where he graduated with honours and studied under such notables as Max
Born, one of the fathers of the quantum theory, and James Frank, who was
instrumental in developing that theory. By the time he was in his early
30s, Dr. Herzberg was known as one of the pioneers in molecular spectroscopy
and structure. However, because he had married a Jewish woman, Dr. Herzberg
was declared unfit by authorities to teach Germany’s youth at the time.
Prospects for a teaching job, therefore, were dim, especially since the
Depression offered little opportunity for work of any kind. A former colleague,
however, was successful in helping to secure a job for him at the University
of Saskatchewan, 1935. The Herzbergs consequently immigrated to Canada,
remaining for 10 years in Saskatoon where his reputation spread internationally
as a scientist. Following cessation of hostilities, 1945, and a brief academic
hiatus, University of Chicago, 1945-48, Dr. Herzberg was invited to head
up Physics at Canada's National Research Council, Ottawa. Over the next
50 years, he became internationally known as the father of modern molecular
spectroscopy. Made Companion of the Order of Canada, 1968, his research
paid off, 1971, when he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his
contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and the geometry
of molecules, particularly free radicals. The NRC’s Herzberg Institute
of Astrophysics, Victoria, British Columbia, is named after this prominent
German Canadian, one of the leading scientists of the 20th century. In
this view, Dr. Herzberg celebrates his 80th birthday, 1984, with former
Governor General Jeanne Sauvé. [Photo, courtesy National Research
Council of Canada]
