1922-30 Attended Howard Park Public School. In Grade 8 first came into contact with Mr. Cowie, World War I veteran who fought at Vimy. Joined Cadet Corps. of which one of his brothers was Captain. Started drawing, and from Grade 7 onwards his work was used as an example by teachers. One drawing was included in a children's art exhibition at the C.N.E. in 1930. Copied a great deal - especially scenes from World War I.

1931 Went to Parkdale Collegiate. No art training, but started doing cartoons. Father started his own business.

1934-35 Father's business failed.

1937 Graduated from Parkdale at the height of the Depression. Selected to attend special art course at Western Tech. First came into contact with L.A.C. Panton, Head of the Art Department; learned principles he never forgot. Worked from nude model for the first time.

1938 With recommendation by Panton, enrolled in the Commercial Art Course at the Ontario College of Art. Teachers included J. H. Beatty, Archibald Barnes, Franklin Carmichael, Rowley Murphy, S. G. Moyer; continued working from nude model in Moyer's King Street studio on Sundays.

1939 Found day time job at a factory, stamping out buttons for $5.00 per week. Continued at Ontario College of Art in evening classes only.

1940 Left the Ontario College of Art. Became junior in Drafting Department of Turnbull Elevators, then joined Vibra-Lite Co. as a design assistant working on billboards; graduated to 'Master Painter'.

1942Conscripted into army. After basic training at Simcoe assigned to the Engineering Corps for advance training at Petewawa.

1944 Shipped to England as a topographical survey artist.

1944 Injured in a training accident, hospitalized at No. 4 Field Hospital in Farnham, Bucks. On recuperation got into a course to become an assistant in the Canadian Army Educational Service as a result of his art training.

1945 Assigned to 11th Canadian Repatriation Unit in Educational Service to advise troops of career training possibilities -- also to keep them occupied and entertained while waiting to go home. Conducted tours to the National Gallery, concerts, etc. -- heard Bartok for the first time, attended lectures at the London School of Economics. Memorable artists at the National Gallery were Rembrandt, Uccello and Piero di Cosimos. His cartoons published in army repatriation journal "Rolling Home".

1946 Returned to Canada: de-mobilized in March. Shared a studio on King Street, Toronto. In July was hired by L.A.C. Panton to take evening classes in Life Drawing at Northern Vocational until Jack Nichols, the regular teacher, returned from service as an official war artist. Panton then sponsored his attendance at the Ontario College of Education, Toronto.

1946-47 (September to April) Trained at O.C.E.

1947 (may/June) Teaching full-time at Western Tech; Toronto.

1947 (July) Hired by W. A. MacWilliams to teach in the Special Art course at H. B. Beal Technical School, London, Ontario -- (started two years previously by Mackie Cryderman).

1948 First solo exhibition in London at Channer's Paint Store, Dundas Street; and the Western Fair (watercolour won 1st prize). Sold his painting Pub Brawl.

1949-50 Gave weekend demonstrations at the Doon School of Find Arts. 1st prize at Western Fair again. (Paintings won a prize every year until he stopped showing in 1958.)

1950 Married Margot Phillips.

1952 Son Joshua born; family moved to their current London address.

1952-56 Taught summer school at Doon. Second son Jeffry born. 1956 Elected member of the Ontario Society of Artists. President of Western Art League, London.

1959Commissioned to do mural for Huron and Erie Co. Ltd., Chatham. Commissioned to do mural for John Laball Ltd., London.

1960-61Received Senior Canada Council grant. Studied art school methods in England, then settled in Torremolinos, Spain to paint for balance of the year.

1961January. Seriously injured in car accident -- took 8 months to recuperate. World War I series began. Elected member of the Canadian Society of Graphic Artists.

1964 Appointed Head of the Art Department at H. B. Beal. Exhibited with Dorothy Cameron Gallery, Toronto; won purchase award at Winnipeg Bienniel; National Gallery purchased Modern Gladiators from 2nd Canadian Biennial.

1966-67Received commissions to do murals for Ontario Government building and Sir Adam Beck Collegiate, London; built an addition to his studio.

1972 Revisited the Somme Valley with John Bruce. Started Figure series.

1975 Started Studio series.

1977 Retired from H. B. Beal Technical School. Elected to the Royal Canadian Academy.

1980 Received the Mayor's Honor Award for outstanding contribution to the Arts in London, Ontario.