Table 1: Functional decline in old age / [CMAJ

Functional decline in old age

Table 1: Differential diagnosis of the acute and subacute forms of the functional decline syndrome

Category Acute form Subacute form

Cancer Lung, breast, prostate, colon, rectum, stomach, pancreas

Endocrine diseases Diabetic ketosis Hyperosmolar nonketotic state Hypothyroidism Apathetic hyperthyroidism Diabetes Adrenocortical insufficiency

Metabolic diseases Dehydration Hypothermia Acute renal failure Acute bleeding Uremia Hepatic failure Anemia Hyponatremia (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion) Hypokalemia Hypocalcemia Hypovitaminosis

Infections Pneumonia Septicemia Urinary infection Viral infections Tuberculosis Subacute arterial endocarditis Pyelonephritis

Neurological diseases Stroke Subdural hematoma Parkinson's disease Peripheral neuropathy Pseudobulbar state Dementia Chronic subdural hematoma Cerebral tumour

Pulmonary diseases Respiratory failure Pulmonary embolism

Cardiovascular diseases Hypotension Arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation) Myocardial infarction Cardiac failure

Musculoskeletal diseases Hip fracture Polymyalgia rheumatica Temporal arteritis Rheumatoid arthritis Osteomalacia

Medication Sedatives and hypnotics Digitalis Neuroleptics Sedatives and hypnotics Digitalis Neuroleptics Hypotensive agents Hypoglycemic oral agents Anticonvulsive agents Alcohol All other drugs

Psychological problems Psychosis Bereavement Depression Anxiety and panic disorders Paranoia Mania

Social problems Hospitalization Family crisis Moving Admission to institution Overcaring

Miscellaneous Recent surgery Acute abdomen Fecaloma Malabsorption Peptic ulcus Predeath syndrome

[Return to text]

| CMAJ October 15, 1997 (vol 157, no 8) / JAMC le 15 octobre 1997 (vol 157, no 8) |

CMA Webspinners / Les fileurs du Web de l'AMC

Table 1: Differential diagnosis of the acute and subacute forms of the functional decline syndrome
Category	Acute form	Subacute form
Cancer		Lung, breast, prostate, colon, rectum, stomach, pancreas
Endocrine diseases	Diabetic ketosis Hyperosmolar nonketotic state	Hypothyroidism Apathetic hyperthyroidism Diabetes Adrenocortical insufficiency
Metabolic diseases	Dehydration Hypothermia Acute renal failure Acute bleeding	Uremia Hepatic failure Anemia Hyponatremia (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion) Hypokalemia Hypocalcemia Hypovitaminosis
Infections	Pneumonia Septicemia Urinary infection Viral infections	Tuberculosis Subacute arterial endocarditis Pyelonephritis
Neurological diseases	Stroke Subdural hematoma	Parkinson's disease Peripheral neuropathy Pseudobulbar state Dementia Chronic subdural hematoma Cerebral tumour
Pulmonary diseases	Respiratory failure Pulmonary embolism
Cardiovascular diseases	Hypotension Arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation) Myocardial infarction Cardiac failure
Musculoskeletal diseases	Hip fracture	Polymyalgia rheumatica Temporal arteritis Rheumatoid arthritis Osteomalacia
Medication	Sedatives and hypnotics Digitalis Neuroleptics	Sedatives and hypnotics Digitalis Neuroleptics Hypotensive agents Hypoglycemic oral agents Anticonvulsive agents Alcohol All other drugs
Psychological problems	Psychosis Bereavement	Depression Anxiety and panic disorders Paranoia Mania
Social problems	Hospitalization Family crisis	Moving Admission to institution Overcaring
Miscellaneous	Recent surgery Acute abdomen	Fecaloma Malabsorption Peptic ulcus Predeath syndrome