|
Table 1: Manoeuvres for which there is good (A) or fair (B) evidence that they should be included in the periodic health examination |
|
Outcome to be prevented or minimized |
Manoeuvre |
Comments |
|
Tobacco-related illnesses |
Tobacco cessation advice (A) |
Multimodel approach works best |
|
Hypertension and complications |
Blood pressure measurement (B) |
Benefits uncertain after age 84 |
|
Disuse atrophy, deconditioning, osteoporosis and other conditions |
Exercise counselling (B) |
Regular aerobic exercise |
|
Cardiovascular and other diet-related illnesses |
Nutritional counselling (B) |
Fat less than 30%; increase fibre, calcium; reduce salt |
|
Death and morbidity due to influenza |
Influenza inoculation (A) |
|
|
Pneumonia |
Pneumococcal inoculation (A) |
Particular problem in Institutional settings |
|
Carcinoma of breast |
Clinical examination and mammography (A) |
Evidence to age 69 |
|
Carcinoma of cervix |
Papanicolaou smear (B) |
To age 65–69 |
|
Diminished visual acuity |
Snellen sight card (B) |
|
|
Hearing impairment |
Inquiry, whispered voice test or test with audioscope (B) |
|
|
Osteoporotic fractures; cardiovascular conditions |
Counselling about estrogen replacement therapy (B) |
Individualize therapy |
|
Problem drinking and its complications |
Case-finding and counselling about alcohol use (B) |
|
|
Injury in motor vehicle accidents |
Counselling about safe driving and seatbelt use (B) |
Suspicion of unsafe driving reportable to provincial ministries of transport |
|
Falls |
Review of risk factors for falls (A) |
Multidisciplinary approach works best |
