Table 1: Measures of use of emergency departments for 112 neighbourhoods in Winnipeg between April 1991 and March 1992
Measure	Sample mean (and standard deviation)
Population	5 874  (734)
No. of emergency department visits per 1000 population*	52.1  (17.2)
No. of ambulatory visits per 100 population*	104.3  (9.9)
No. of emergency department visits per 100 ambulatory visits	4.9  (1.4)
Predisposing factors
% of population female	51.5  (3.1)
% of population aged < 15 yr	20.0  (5.5)
% of population aged > 65 yr	13.8  (8.9)
% of population with treaty Indian status	2.2  (3.6)
Enabling factors
Distance to emergency department, km†	12.7  (3.6)
Household income, $	44 242  (14 690)
% of emergency department visits made during physician office hours	46.2  (8.7)
Need factors % of emergency department visits
Urgent or emergent	44.9  (13.9)
Resulting in hospital admission	13.3  (7.0)
Associated with injury diagnosis	36.9  (8.9)
Associated with mental illness diagnosis	2.8  (2.9)
% of ambulatory visits associated with mental illness diagnosis	5.5  (1.7)
*Mean number of visits in a 55-day sample period. †Mean weighted distance to emergency department. See Methods section.

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