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"Canada moving Forward: Making Progress Happen"
Notes
for an address
by the Honourable Michael D. Chong,
President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada,
Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs and,
Minister of Sport
Panel Discussion
Annual Couchinching Conference
Orillia, Ontario
August 13, 2006
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Introduction
I would like to thank the conference organizers for inviting me to this impressive gathering.
As a Minister of the Crown and as a citizen, it is an honour to be invited and to have this
opportunity to speak about progress in the Canadian context.
I know that there is a large number of students at this year’s conference – a sign, I expect, that
organizers have picked a very relevant topic.
Grooming young minds for responsible citizenship is a noble pursuit – certainly important to our progress.
I’m happy that Dr. Martha Rogers, Director of Education for the Upper Grand District School Board, has been able to
join me today to hear this important discussion.
My co-panellists will each address key elements that define progress in the contemporary world:
- economic strength and the ability to compete;
- adaptability and openness to others in achieving success; and
- sustainable growth as a means to ensure opportunities for future generations.
We are engaged in a very important dialogue about the future of our nation – and this is good.
Progress for Canada in the Twenty-First Century
By almost any account, Canada figures prominently as a country that has achieved both economic and social progress.
Today, Canadians enjoy the benefits of economic success: a stable and growing economy, low interest rates and
low unemployment rates.
Indeed, Canada is viewed as an economic leader among G7 countries; it has the lowest net debt burden of all
members of the G7 and, according to the OECD, it is the only G7 government that is expected to post surpluses in 2006
and 2007.
Socially, Canada has progressed a great deal since World War II. We created a public health care system,
a pension system, and developed an approach to citizenship that respects diversity. As a country, we believe in
reaching out around the globe to people in need of our assistance.
I could go on about our successes, but I don’t need to because you can read it all in John Ibbitson’s
book1
The Polite Revolution: Perfecting the Canadian Dream, .
In the first 12 pages or so, John chronicles our successes as a nation, and I won’t try to repeat them. Suffice it
to say that we have a lot to be proud of and I recommend that you all read John’s book – or at least the first
12 pages – for those details.
Perhaps it is because of what we have attained and achieved in our short history as a nation that the bar for what
constitutes progress in the future is so high.
In my opinion, a very simple definition of progress is having a better society tomorrow than we have today.
For a nation, it means leaving to our grandchildren a cleaner, safer and more prosperous country – and hence a better
quality of life – than we inherited.
So where do we go with what we have today? What challenges does our nation face in moving from a prosperous
today to an even more prosperous tomorrow?
Today, I’d like to leave federal-provincial-territorial relations behind, leave sport to the athletes,
and instead dwell on a Canadian fact that strikes me each time I make the trip from my farm in Fergus, through Toronto,
to Ottawa. It is the fact – and the challenge – of our rapidly changing communities.
Growth and urbanization in Canada today
In many ways, the Canada we know today would be unrecognizable to previous generations.
According to the 1921 census, only 49 percent of Canadians lived in urban areas.
By comparison, the 2001 census tells us that 80 percent of Canadians now live in urban areas.
Rapid economic growth in urban centres is transforming our landscapes and our lifestyles.
My trips from Toronto’s Pearson Airport to my farm take me through a microcosm of this Canadian reality.
I see the dynamism of Canada’s largest city and the fast-paced growth of its suburbs. I see the hustle-and-bustle
and the infrastructure that keeps the economic engine firing. I see the transformation of farming and rural communities,
once part of Ontario’s agricultural heartland, into expanding subdivisions.
And in thinking about the challenges and opportunities that all this poses, I am not alone.
Our changing communities and the accompanying challenges are increasingly the subject of op-ed pieces,
journal articles, books, symposia and government reports. The issue permeates discussion of productivity, of
the environment, of our health, of immigration policy, of our competitiveness, our quality of life, and our
attractiveness for investors and big business.
Most people would agree that to make progress for the future, to build a better society, we need today
to build our communities in a sustainable way:
- in a way that is environmentally sustainable;
- with economically sustainable infrastructure;
- and in a way that raises our productivity.
Let me elaborate on each of these, beginning with the environment.
We all know the inextricable relationship between the environment and the health of our communities.
Decades of research show that watershed regenerative areas, carbon sinks created by agricultural and wilderness
areas, and a whole host of other natural processes that take place in non-urban areas are vital to clean air,
clean water and clean habitat.
A key point in the debate around the environment is that neither the problems nor the solutions lie in Kyoto,
but more fundamentally, in patterns of growth that create environmentally unsustainable consumption patterns.
This means the problem – and the solution – lie much closer to home.
As citizens, we should encourage all our elected officials – local, provincial and territorial, and
federal – to make the environment a top consideration in their planning and spending. I can tell you on behalf of
the Government of Canada that we are taking this to heart.
Already, our government has made significant progress in introducing sound, effective measures aimed at
enhancing the state of our environment:
- we announced a new transit tax credit to encourage public transit use;
- we introduced a new tax exemption for donations of ecologically sensitive land;
- we are developing new legislation to combat the smog that plagues our cities; and
- we are increasing the average renewable fuel content in gasoline and diesel fuels to 5 percent by 2010.
And this fall the Minister of the Environment will introduce the Government’s new plan for the environment,
which I think will pleasantly surprise.
But let’s not forget our collective responsibility for our own individual actions. Sure, most of us recycle.
Some of us may have taken further steps to green our lives. But we need to challenge ourselves to do even more, now.
We need to look in our own backyards first, quite literally.
Infrastructure
I’ll move now to a point on the importance of economically sustainable infrastructure to our progress as a nation.
Governments at all levels face continuous pressure to prepare budgets that have infrastructure projects as
a priority. Municipalities, for example, face the challenge of maintaining infrastructure spending while investing
in the delivery of other essential services that maintain our quality of life.
The cost of maintaining roads, sewers, bridges, transit systems, harbours, water treatment plants and all the
“hard” public infrastructure competes with spending on things like soccer pitches, school teachers, museums and
community health initiatives.
To meet all these needs as they grow, municipalities can raise property taxes (but aim
not to do so) or
seek more funding from other orders of government. Provinces and territories and/or the Government of Canada
must then decide whether to squeeze their own programs or raise taxes.
Regardless of who collects how much money from whom, there is only one tax base, and we all have to
pay for the infrastructure.
The Government of Canada feels that it has an important role to play to ensure Canada has a solid
infrastructure system to support trade and commerce. To emphasise this conviction, we announced a $16.5 billion
investment in infrastructure over the next four years.
Moreover, our government has made a commitment to put federal funding on a predictable, long-term track
and has made this issue part of the fiscal balance discussion with provinces and territories.
As citizens, though, it’s important to remember that there is a finite amount of money for this
purpose – which is why building economically sustainable infrastructure is so important.
Last weekend, architect Jack Diamond wrote an opinion piece in the
Globe and Mail – you may have read
it2 .
In a discussion about the economics of low-density developments, he referenced a study done in southwestern Ontario. It found that for every dollar received in real-estate tax, $1.40 was needed to provide services there. When we talk about a legacy for our grandchildren, surely we don’t mean a legacy
of institutionalized deficits.
Not building economically sustainable infrastructure will result in new needs, higher taxes or a lower
quality of life. And none of these is good for productivity, for ingenuity, or for attracting business to our shores
to generate new revenues that can pay for progress.
Productivity
So I’ve touched on the importance of environmentally and economically sustainable growth. I’ll move to my final
point now – about the need to ensure that as they grow, our communities facilitate enhanced productivity so that we
can finance progress in the future - so that Canadian families can continue to prosper.
To be able, in the future, to afford the services, amenities and security that we enjoy today, the value
of our per-capita economic output must increase. To be competitive globally, investors and buyers need to be confident
that Canada is a market that will grow their money for them.
I’ll admit that productivity is a multi-faceted issue and it requires initiatives on so many levels.
It’s also an area of expertise for my colleagues, so I won’t pretend personally to know the full answer.
But there are a few critical things that the Government of Canada is already doing to strengthen the Canadian economy.
In recent years, the business community has raised concerns that government spending and taxing were limiting our
economic progress. That is why our current government is focusing on reducing the growth in its spending and
focusing on responsible program delivery.
We have also introduced tax relief for Canadian individuals and businesses. In our first budget
we introduced more tax cuts for individuals than the past four federal budgets combined.
We continue to work on dismantling the barriers to mobility and trade within Canada, the barriers
to employment for immigrants, and the barriers to efficient capital markets.
The Minister of Finance is exploring ways to further harmonize the tax systems in this country
to reduce compliance costs for taxpayers and administration costs for business and governments.
As for human capital and competitiveness, we, like the rest of the developed world, have recognized that
a skilled workforce is vital for a strong economy in Canada.
We need to do everything we can to support an education system that turns out well-trained, well-educated,
adaptable workers. A good education is the key to a great future for our young Canadians, and we want to ensure we
have a workforce ready to work hard and get ahead.
Our government sees the importance of Canadians pursuing post-secondary education, and in Budget 2006
we provided $370 million in new investments to foster accessibility and excellence at our colleges and universities.
Now, in the context of our changing communities, do we have an opportunity to enhance productivity?
Is it possible that there is something to the belief we have that population density increases productivity?
Could more densely populated areas put people closer to their workplace, reducing their commute time and
increasing leisure time?
Could increased leisure time lead to a happier and healthier population?
Might happier, healthier people be more productive, more creative?
In short, could we move more quickly to save the environment, save on infrastructure, and enhance
productivity – all in one fell swoop – by increasing the density of our new developments?
These questions come to me as I make my own commute, and I notice in the literature that others
are making these links. It’s another good discussion for another day perhaps
Now – to wrap up all these thoughts:
I think it is clear that this Government has focused on priorities that ensure Canada’s families and
businesses can get ahead. We are working on ensuring that new immigrants and young people can contribute to a
strong workforce; we are ensuring that our infrastructure system is funded to maximize trade and commerce, and
we have reduced taxes for all. As well, we are establishing a solid environmental plan for this country.
But let us remember that governments are not the only actors here. We as individuals are collectively
responsible for the future of our communities.
It is key to remember that our individual decisions affect that future, that our individual decisions
play out on a timeline that is much longer than, say, the terms of our present employment.
I realize that what earned me the invitation to talk to you today is my role as a Cabinet minister.
But what brought me here was the opportunity to speak as a country dweller, a city lover, a father and a citizen,
about a stark reality that has the potential to either propel our quality of life to new heights, or slowly unhinge
our society as we know it.
So my main message – about our cities, our environment, the costs of infrastructure and the growth of
productivity – my main message is that our individual actions are the constituent parts of progress. Whether
we drive a smart car, vote, write an opinion piece or spend billions of dollars, we cannot extricate our actions
from society as a whole. When we live this, we will make progress.
Thank you.
- Ibbitson, John. The Polite Revolution: Perfecting the Canadian Dream. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 2005, 270 pages
- Diamond, Jack, Our Sickly Suburbs: We have the cure. Where's the courage?
Globe and Mail, August 5, 2006, A15
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