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AVSCOT. 1993. Stop the Rot: Practical AV Preservation for Small Collections. Glasgow: AVSCOT (Scottish Branch of the Audiovisual Group of the British Library Association).
Edited and updated papers from a 1990 AV preservation seminar with practical information summaries.
Eastman Kodak. 1981. Storage and Preservation of Microfilms. Kodak Publication No. D-31. Rochester, N.Y.: Eastman Kodak Co.
General storage and processing guidelines.
Harrison, Helen P., ed. 1992. Audiovisual Archive Literature: A Select Bibliography. PGI-92/WS/2. Paris: General Information Programme and UNISIST, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Covers AV preservation, conservation, handling and storage.
Holden, Maria S., comp. 1986 and 1988. Topics in Photographic Preservation. Volume One and Two. Washington, D.C.: American Institute for Conservation, Photographic Materials Group.
Informal exchange of information and experiences related to photographic science, conservation and care.
Horder, Alan. 1987. Setting Up a Small-Scale Microfiche Production Unit in a Developing Country: A Case History. 1987. Matheson Library Contributions to Tropical Librarianship 1. Layte, Papua New Guinea: Matheson Library, Papua New Guinea University of Technology.
Describes a project from its inception to a point four years later when it was well established. The emphasis is on the technical aspects of the work in a developing country.
Jones, C. Lee. 1993. Preservation Film: Platform for Digital Access Systems. Washington, D.C.: Commission on Preservation and Access.
Importance of high resolution microfilm as the primary preservation medium.
Keefe, Laurence E. Jr. and Dennis Inch. 1990. The Life of a Photograph: Archival Processing, Matting, Framing and Storage. 2nd ed. Stonham, Massachusetts: Butterworth Publishers.
Comprehensive guide, including also the care and handling of historical photographic images.
Keene, James A., Roper, Michael. 1984. Planning, Equipping, and Staffing a Document Reprographic Service; A RAMP Study with Guidelines. PGI-84/WS/8. Paris: General Information Programme and UNISIST, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Overview of advances in reprographic technology, with emphasis on use in archives in developing countries.
National Library of Australia. 1995. Preservation Microfilming. Does it have a Future?
Proceedings of the First National Conference of the National Preservation Office of the State Library of South Australia, 4-6 May 1994. Canberra: National Library of Australia.
Reilly, Bernard, et al. 1991. Photograph Preservation and the Research Library. Mountain View, California: The Research Libraries Group.
Chapters cover preservation planning, duplication options, photograph preservation, and bibliographic control of large photograph collections.
Rempel, Siegfried. 1987. The Care of Photographs. New York, N.Y.: Nick Lyons Books.
Comprehensive guide to handling, cleaning, stabilizing, and storing of photographs, with emphasis on causes of deterioration.
Ritzenthaler, Mary Lynn, Gerald J. Munoff and Margery S. Long. 1984. Archives and Manuscripts: Administration of Photographic Collections. SAA Basic Manual Series. Chicago: Society of American Archivists.
Covers all aspects of managing photographic collections with useful information on the storage and handling of photographic materials.
Roosa. Mark. 1992. Care, Handling, and Storage of Photographs. Washington, D.C.: IFLA Core Programme on Preservation and Conservation.
Saffady, William. 1991. "Stability, Care and Handling of Microforms, Magnetic Media and Optical Disks." Library Technology Reports. (Special Issue). 27(1) (January/February 1991): 5-116.
Discusses problems of maintaining a collection of microforms and machine-readable media, and offers solutions to these.
Siegel, Robin E., comp. 1989. Topics in Photographic Preservation. Volume Three. Washington, D.C.: American Institute for Conservation, Photographic Materials Group.
See Holden, Maria above.
Weinstein, Robert A. and Larry Booth. 1977. Collection, Use, and Care of Historical Photographs. Nashville, Tennessee: American Association for State and Local History.
Detailed discussion of collection strategy, as well as preservation and restoration techniques.
Wilhelm, Henry Gilmer. 1993. The Permanence and Care of Color Photographs: Traditional and Digital Color Prints, Color Negatives, Slides, and Motion Pictures. With contributing author, Carol Brower. Grinnell, Iowa: Preservation Publishing.
All aspects of preservation of colour film are covered in this comprehensive source. Also includes information on the storage of black-and-white film.
ANSI IT9.13-1992. Imaging Media - Photographic Films, Papers, and Plates - Glossary of Terms Pertaining to Stability.
Scope: This standard lists a glossary of terms and definitions pertaining to the stability of photographic films, papers, and plates.
These definitions are generic and apply to the entire photographic industry.
ANSI PH2.16-1984(R1990). American National Standard for Photography (Sensitometry) - Density Measurements - Terms, Symbols, and Notations.
Scope: This International Standard establishes terms, symbols, notations and a coordinate system to describe geometric and spectral conditions for the measurement of the degree to which a specimen modulates radiant flux, for applications in photography and radiometry. It primarily provides a system for describing methods of measuring or specifying the transmission and reflection properties of photographic materials.
ANSI PH3.63-1974(R1991). American National Standard Method for Determining the Photographic Resolving Power of Photographic Lenses.
Scope: This standard defines the terms used in the measurement and reporting of the photographic resolving power of photographic lenses and describes recommended methods for measuring the resolving power of photographic lenses for both infinitely distant and finite target conjugates.
ANSI/ISO 5/1-1984. See ANSI PH2.16-1984.
ANSI/ISO 5989-1986. Photography - Pre-packaged Chemicals for the Processing of Photographic Silver Halide Materials - Vocabulary.
Scope: This International Standard gives terms for and definitions of pre-packaged chemicals for processing photographic silver halide materials, to permit correct usage. No attempt is made to restrict the inclusion of additional information, but care shall be taken to ensure that this information is not in conflict with the information in this International Standard. Requirements on hazard warnings, name and address of manufacturer or supplier, net content, etc., are not included, as national regulations vary throughout the world.
ANSI/NAPM IT9.13-1992. American National Standard for Imaging Media - Photographic Films, Papers, and Plates - Glossary of Terms Pertaining to Stability.
Scope: This standard lists a glossary of terms and definitions pertaining to the stability of photographic films, papers, and plates.
This standard is a revision of the 1991 document, which was withdrawn prior to publication due to technical inconsistencies.
ISO 5127-11: 1983 Documentation and Information - Vocabulary. Part 11: Audio-visual Documents.
Scope: ...This part of ISO 5127 deals mainly with basic concepts for information and documentation which are used for describing audio-visual documents and also with derived terms...
ISO 6196-1:1993. Micrographics - Vocabulary - Part 01: General Terms.
Scope: Micrographics gives rise to numerous international commercial exchanges which often become difficult, either because of the great variety of terms used in various fields or languages to express the same concept, or because of the lack or imprecision of definitions for useful concepts.
To avoid misunderstandings due to this situation and to facilitate such exchanges, it is advisable to select terms to be used in various languages or countries to express the same concept and to establish definitions providing satisfactory equivalents for the various terms in different languages.
ISO 6196 consists of several parts published separately, as the work proceeds, their numbering beginning with 01.
ISO 6196-2:1993. Micrographics - Vocabulary - Part 02: Image Positions and Methods of Recording.
ISO 6196-3:1983. Micrographics - Vocabulary - Part 03: Film Processing.
ISO 6196-4:1987. Micrographics - Vocabulary - Part 04: Materials and Packaging.
ISO 6196-5:1987. Micrographics - Vocabulary - Part 05: Quality of Images, Legibility, Inspection.
ISO 6196-6:1992. Micrographics - Vocabulary - Part 06: Equipment.
ISO 6196-7:1992. Micrographics - Vocabulary - Part 07: Computer Micrographics.
AIIM TR2-1992. Technical Report for Information and Image Management - Glossary of Imaging Technology. Silver Spring, Maryland: Association for Information and Image Management.
AIIM. 1992. Micrographic Film Technology. 4th ed. Silver Spring, Maryland: Association for Information and Image Management.
Lists and describes technical aspects of micrographics, including film types, processing procedures, materials used, etc.
ANSI IT8.7/2 - 1993. American National Standard: Graphic Technology - Color Reflection Target for Input Scanner Calibration.
Scope: This standard defines the layout and colorimetric values of a target which can be manufactured on any color photographic paper and which is intended for use in the calibration of a photographic paper/scanner combination (as used in the preparatory process for printing and publishing).
ANSI IT9.1-1992. Imaging Media (Film) - Silver-Gelatin Type - Specifications for Stability.
Scope: Specifies manufacturing and processing requirements.
ANSI IT9.5-1992. American National Standard for Imaging Media (Film) - Ammonia-Processed Diazo Films - Specifications for Stability.
Scope:
1.2 The photographic films covered by this document are photographic diazo films intended for and used as LE-10 and LE-100 storage copies. This standard does not apply to diazo film records intended for and used as "work" or "use" copies as discussed in annex B and to diazo film used for UV exposure to photopolymer materials. Most film records used in libraries are work copies and must be durable. Storage copies shall be stored in accordance with American National Standard for Imaging media - Processed safety photographic film - Storage, ANSI IT9.11-1991.
1.3 This standard applies to photographic film in which the image layer is a discrete layer attached to a transparent support, and to microfilm, motion-picture film, roll film, and sheet film.
1.4 This standard characterizes only the inherent "keeping" behaviour of the film covered. However, the suitability of a film record after extended storage depends on both the inherent aging characteristics of the film, as well as the quality of the original document.
ANSI IT9.6-1991. American National Standard for Photography - Photographic Films - Specifications for Safety Films.
Scope: This international Standard provides specifications and test procedures for establishing the safety of photographic films with respect to hazards from fire. The specifications apply to both unprocessed and processed films on any type of currently known plastic support. These specifications cover silver films (both gelatin and non-gelatin types), colour films, diazo films, vesicular films, and striped or full-width magnetic films. Magnetic tapes and video recording tapes are excluded.
A field test for burning behaviour is described in annex A, and methods of marking film are defined in annex B. A simple test to distinguish non-safety nitrate base film from cellulose ester and polyester base film is given in annex C.
ANSI IT9.12-1991. American National Standard for Photography - Processed Vesicular Photographic Film - Specifications for Stability.
Scope:
1.2 The photographic films covered by this International Standard are those intended for medium-term and long-term records.
1.3 This International Standard applies to photographic film in which the image layer is a discrete layer attached to a transparent support.
1.4 This International Standard applies to roll film and sheet film.
1.5 This International Standard characterizes only the inherent keeping behaviour of the film covered. However, the suitability of a film record after extended storage depends on both the inherent ageing characteristics of the film and the original image quality. The latter is discussed in annex A.
1.6 This International Standard applies only to photographic vesicular film intended and used as medium-term and long-term storage copies. It does not apply to vesicular film records intended and used as "work" or "use" copies as discussed in annex B. Most film records used in libraries are work copies and must be durable. Medium-term and long-term storage copies must be stored in accordance with ISO 5466. The effects of heat and pressure are discussed in annex C and of high humidity in annex D.
ANSI PH1.13-1989. American National Standard for Photography (Film) - Plastic, Wood, or Metal Cores - Dimensions.
Scope: The cores specified in this standard are used principally for film for recording instruments such as electrocardiographs, seismographs, and oscillographs, for microfilm duplicators and computer output microfilm (COM) recorders, and for roll and still-picture cameras. This standard is intended to provide specifications for cores of molded plastic, wood, or cast or stamped metals, but not for such materials as paperboard. Paperboard cores are within the province of ANSI PH1.62-1980(R1985).
ANSI PH1.19-1990. American National Standard for Photography (Film) - Photographic Sheet Films - Designation of Emulsion Side.
Scope: This standard specifies a method to designate the emulsion side of a sheet of photographic film by the use of a notch.
ANSI PH1.28-1984. See ANSI IT9.1-1992.
ANSI PH1.32-1973. See ANSI IT9.3-1989.
ANSI PH1.33-1990. American National Standard for Photography (Film) - 16mm, 35mm, 70mm, and 105mm Spools for Still-Picture Cameras - Dimensions.
Scope: This standard specifies dimensions for 16mm 100-foot, 16mm 200-foot, 35mm 100-foot, 70mm 100-foot, and 105mm 100-foot spools used in connection with recording instruments and for microfilm, as well as in surveillance and other still-picture cameras.
For the 35mm spools only, two different spool designs are included. The preferred design, a so-called "universal spool," is suitable for use in each of the fields covered by this standard. The alternate spool, which is recognized but not preferred, is for use only on recording instruments or in surveillance still-picture cameras.
Spools covered in this standard shall be made of metal or plastic.
ANSI PH1.41-1984. See ANSI IT9.1-1992.
ANSI PH1.51-1990. American National Standard for Photography (Film) - Micrographic Sheet and Roll Films Dimensions.
Scope: This standard specifies dimensions for all films (including diazo, silver-gelatin, thermally processed silver, and vesicular) used for micrographic application, including computer output microfilm (COM). The nominal length, width, and thickness of film in roll and sheet form are specified, and certain preferred practices are indicated. Cores, spools, cassettes, cartridges, magazines, leaders, trailers, and markings are not specified, but some commercial practices are indicated in clause A.1 of the annex. Clause A.1 also suggests a metric conversion plan for micrographic films. Factors affecting the dimensional stability of photographic films are discussed in clause A.2 of the annex.
ANSI PH1.52-1990. American National Standard for Photography (Films) - Engineering Reproduction Sheet and Roll Film - Dimensions.
Scope: This standard specifies the sizes and cutting dimensions, in SI units and U.S. customary units, of engineering reproduction sheet and roll films.
ANSI PH2.5-1979(R1986). American National Standard Method for Determining Speed of Photographic Negative Materials (Monochrome, Continuous-Tone).
Scope: This method enables the determination of American National Standard Speed of camera films including photographic roll films, film packs, miniature camera films, sheet films, and plates intended for the making of monochrome, continuous-tone negatives in pictorial still photography, exclusive of photography in the infrared. This method does not apply to negatives such as those produced in copy, duplicating, and diffusion transfer systems, to process films and other graphic arts films and plates, radiographic films, micrographic films, and aerial photographic films. American National Standard Film Speeds are directly applicable to exposure meters, exposure computers, and exposure tables.
ANSI PH2.7-1986(R1991). American National Standard for Photography - Photographic Exposure Guide.
Scope: This standard provides procedures for determining appropriate camera exposure settings for daylight, moonlight, and other selected natural and artificial lighting situations. Daylight illumination data are provided for variations in latitude, month of the year, and hour of the day. A comprehensive list of additional factors that can affect exposure is included. This standard enables photographers to determine exposure settings when it is not feasible or convenient to use an exposure meter or when the correctness of the exposure that would result from an exposure meter reading is questioned. Possible errors in the use of incident-light and reflected-light exposure meters are also listed.
ANSI PH4.21-1989. American National Standard for Photography (Film) - Thermally-Activated Dry Mounting Adhesive Systems for Mounting Photographs - Specifications.
Scope: This standard establishes specifications for thermally activated, dry-mounting adhesive systems, supported or unsupported, for use in attaching photographic prints to mounting boards, album leaves, file cards, or other support media; it does not address the archival nature of these mountings, since pertinent data for the latter are not available at this time.
ANSI PH4.29-1986(R1990). American National Standard for Photography (Processing) - Black-and-White Films, Plates, and Papers - Manual Processing Methods.
Scope:
1.2 The techniques of this standard are not intended for precise photometric or sensitometric testing, nor are they applicable with all types of equipment.
1.3 The SI units (metric) in this standard are converted from the U.S. customary units (inch) in accordance with the conversion principles outlined in American National Standard Metric Practice Guide, ANSI/IEEE 268-1982.
ANSI PH4.34-1991. American National Standard for Photography (Chemicals) - - Pre-Packaged Chemicals for the Processing of Photographic Silver Halide Materials - Vocabulary.
Scope: This standard gives terms for and definitions of pre-packaged chemicals for processing photographic silver halide materials, to permit correct usage. No attempt is made to restrict the inclusion of additional information, but care shall be taken to ensure that this information is not in conflict with the information in this standard. Requirements on hazard warnings, name and address of manufacturer or supplier, net contents, etc., are not included, as national regulations vary throughout the world.
ANSI PH4.35-1972. American National Standard Method for Determining the Resistance of Photographic Films to Abrasion During Processing.
Scope: This standard establishes a laboratory test method under controlled conditions for determining the relative resistance of photographic emulsions or gelatin backings to abrasion damage during processing. The method may be used to compare films; or to compare the effects of processing solutions, or processing temperatures, or processing times, or a combination thereof, on the same film. This measurement is not applicable for evaluation of support scratch resistance.
ANSI PH4.36-1978(R1988) American National Standard Method for the Determination of pH of Photographic Processing Solutions, and Specifications for pH Meters Used to Measure Ph of Photographic Processing Solutions.
Scope: This standard describes the necessary equipment and method for the determination of the pH of photographic processing solutions capable of producing results having long-term 95% confidence limits of +/- 0.03 pH unit at 27°C. It also defines the operating specifications of pH meters which would be used to measure pH of photographic processing solutions.
ANSI PH4.99-1988. American National Standard for Photography (Chemicals) - General Information and Test Methods for Standards for Photographic-Grade Chemicals and Processing Solutions.
Scope: This standard specifies criteria for reagents and materials, and addresses other general items necessary to perform the tests given in the American National Standards for photographic-grade chemicals together with the most widely used test methods associated with those standards. Although the ultimate criterion for suitability of a photographic-grade chemical is its successful performance in an appropriate use test, the shorter, more economical test methods described in subsequent sections of this standard and used with those tests included in the standards for specific chemicals are generally adequate.
Over the past several years, great improvements have been made in instrumentation for various analyses. Where such techniques have equivalent or greater precision, they may be used in place of the tests described in the appropriate general test method standard for photographic-grade chemicals or the American National Standards for photographic-grade chemicals. Correlation of such alternate procedures with the given method is the responsibility of the user.
ANSI PH7.14-1977(R1988). American National Standard Specifications for Quarter Frame 35mm Reader Filmstrip.
Scope: These specifications pertain to quarter frame 35mm reader filmstrips, hereafter referred to in this document as reader filmstrips. A reader filmstrip is a length of perforated, transparent material carrying a series of lines of print to be shown a whole line at a time or a line exposed progressively from left to right at controllable rates. Reader filmstrips are generally used for instructional, remedial, and "speed reading" exercises.
ANSI PH7.501-1985. American National Standard for Audiovisual Systems - 35-mm Single-Frame Filmstrips - Specifications.
Scope:
This standard applies to the so-called "release print" form where pictures have been selected and arranged sequentially for presentation to an audience.
1.2 The dimensions in these specifications pertain to both silent filmstrips and to filmstrips accompanied by sound from records, tapes, and other means.
1.3 These specifications do not pertain to camera apertures. It is recognized there are other 35-mm formats that are used for filmstrips and other uses. The information in the Appendix is helpful to differentiate the single-frame 35-mm filmstrip from the single-frame 35-mm format and the other formats.
ANSI Z39.32-l981. American National Standard for information on Microfiche Headings.
Scope: This standard concerns the composition of the information to be provided in the heading areas of microfiche that conform to the dimensional requirements of American National Standard for Microfiche of Documents, ANSI/NMA MS5-1975, and that are produced for distribution to libraries and information centers. Original micropublications as well as microfiche reprints of monographs and serials are covered.
ANSI/AIIM MS1-1988. Recommended Practice for Alphanumeric Computer-Output Microforms - Operational Practices for Inspection and Quality Control.
Scope: This recommended practice describes operational and quality control guidelines for alphanumeric computer-output microfilm (COM) recorders and microforms using black-and-white film as well as duplicates made from such films. It is limited to images of line printer equivalent output only, such as those used for business and government records. It is further limited to COM recorders using a form slide for recording fixed data. As such, it does not cover COM recorders using so-called software forms.
This recommended practice covers microforms containing data generated by dynamic energy sources, such as cathode ray tubes, lasers, and light emitting diodes, and fixed data, such as that contained on a form slide, with effective reduction ratios up to and including 1:48. The subjects covered include a method for comparing the legibility of the dynamic information to that contained in an image of the alphanumeric COM quality test form slide when exposed on the same frame and duplicated onto silver, diazo, or vesicular films. The films, film processing, film storage, film density practices and guidelines for preparing form slide artwork and form slides are also discussed.
ANSI/AIIM MS4-l987. Standard for Information and Image Management - Flowchart Symbols and Their Use in Micrographics.
Scope: Flowchart symbols, terminology and procedures were designed for use and compatibility with existing ANSI standards for flowchart information processing. These standards are defined in American National Standard for Flowchart Symbols and Their Usage in Information Processing, ANSI X3.5-1970.
ANSI/AIIM MS4-1987 specifies symbols for microfilm operations and symbolic language for labelling these symbols in order to delineate specific operations, functions and features.
This standard presents guidelines and recommendations for flowchart management systems (level 1) and operational systems (level 2). The annotations covered in this standard are those generally required for detailing to second level flowcharts. It is not practical to include all possible annotations that may be necessary for greater detail.
Where measurements are included in this standard, they are expressed in the metric system.
ANSI/AIIM MS5 - 1992. Microfiche.
Scope: This standard applies to microfiche produced as a result of source document and computer-output microfilming. This standard does not preclude the use of other standards for unitized microforms.
ANSI/AIIM MS6-l993. Microfilm Packaging Labelling.
Scope: This standard outlines the required and optional information that should be placed on unexposed photographic material packaging, either on a label or printed surface, to identify the contents of that package. The standard applies to microfilm in roll, sheet, and card formats, but does not attempt to specify the type of storage container or protection needed for specific products.
ANSI/AIIM MS8-1988. Image Mark (Blip) used in Image Mark Retrieval Systems.
Scope: This standard contains the specifications for the location, size, and density of single and multisize image marks recorded on 16 mm roll film used in image mark retrieval systems.
This standard is limited to the 16 mm film used in the retrieval device, regardless of the method and equipment used to generate the original or duplicate film.
ANSI/AIIM MS14-1988. Specifications for 16 mm and 35 mm Roll Microfilm.
Scope: This standard applies to 16 mm and 35 mm roll microfilm produced as a result of source document and computer-output microfilming. This standard does not preclude the use of other standards for roll microfilm. This standard covers physical characteristics, formats, placement, orientation, and characters.
ANSI/AIIM MS15-1990. Dimensions and Operational Constraints for Single-core Cartridge for 16 mm Processed Microfilm.
Scope: This standard specifies the physical and performance characteristics of cartridges used for storing and viewing processed 16 mm microfilm. The intent of the standard is to achieve compatibility between the cartridge and automatic threading readers and reader-printers. Accordingly, the standard addresses those physical features which interface with readers required to assure multireader usage. Also the winding of the processed microfilm on the reel and the physical characteristics of the leading end of the film are standardized to ensure proper interfacing of the cartridge with all readers of this type.
This standard should be used as a basis of design for future automatic threading readers and reader-printers to ensure that they accept the cartridges and film they contain over the full range of tolerances specified. For example, the readers and reader-printers shall accept film of all ranges of thickness allowed.
This standard does not cover detailed test procedures, but rather physical and optical compatibility requirements. However, test procedures may be added in future revisions if needed to improve the effectiveness of the standard.
ANSI/AIIM MS16-1981. American National Standard Dimensions and Operational Constraints for Double Core (Bi-Axial) Cassette for 16-mm Processed Microfilm.
Scope: This standard specifies the physical and performance characteristics of a cassette used for storing and viewing processed 16-mm microfilm. The intent of the standard is to achieve compatibility between the cassette and related readers and reader-printers. Accordingly, the standard addresses those physical features which interface with readers required to assure multi-reader usage. Also, the image orientation of the processed microfilm in the cassette is standardized to ensure proper interfacing of the cassette with all readers of this type.
This standard does not cover detailed test procedures, but rather physical and optical compatibility requirements. However, test procedures may be added in future revisions if needed to improve the effectiveness of the standard.
ANSI/AIIM MS18-1992. Micrographics - Splices for Imaged Microfilm - Dimensions and Operational Constraints.
Scope: This standard covers the requirements for splicing processed microfilm and leaders and trailers, independent of film width or type of base support. It includes both tape and ultrasonic splices. This standard does not apply to unprocessed film.
ANSI/AIIM MS19-1993. Standard Recommended Practice - Identification of Microforms.
Scope: This document provides methods to identify the contents of microforms. It applies to microfilm generated by federal, state, local and other public instrumentalities, as well as private and non-public organizations. Information on technical and bibliographic targets is given, as well as recommendations for correct image placement.
ANSI/AIIM MS29-1992. Micrographics - Cores and Spools for Microfilm Recording Equipment - Dimensions.
Scope: This standard covers the common (16mm, 35mm, and 105mm widths) cores and spools currently in use by the microfilm industry in original recording equipment. Since this is primarily a listing of already approved standards where duplication of coverage exists with another ANSI or ISO standard, the standard with narrower tolerances has been used. It is not the purpose of this document to specify materials or construction. However, since they are critical, it will be noted that although metals, plastic, and paperboard are in use, not all can be inter-substituted for all sensitized film products.
Applicable standards are listed in the event further detail or other information is needed or desired.
Spools that are an integral component of a cartridge, cassette or magazine used in microfilm recording equipment are not covered by this standard.
ANSI/AIIM MS32-1985. Microrecording of Engineering Source Documents on 35-mm Microfilm.
Scope: This standard specifies the procedures, dimensions and quality values governing the microrecording of engineering documentation on 35-mm microfilm. This includes:
It does not include microrecording of cartographic and architectural material, or other engineering graphics which do not conform to requirements of pertinent standards under ANSI Y14, Drafting Practice.
ANSI/AIIM MS34-1990. Dimensions for Reels Used for 16 mm and 35 mm Microfilm.
Scope: This standard covers the essential dimensions of lightweight reels made of plastic or metal used for the storage and retrieval of processed 16 mm and 35 mm microfilm that is used in manually threaded equipment.
Camera spools are also frequently used for storing processed microfilm. The dimensions for these spools are not included in this standard but may be found in ANSI/AIIM MS29-1987.
ANSI/AIIM MS35-1987. Requirements and Characteristics of Original Black-and-White Documents That May Be Microfilmed.
Scope: This standard describes the essential requirements and characteristics for the creation of documents that may be microfilmed and concerns only those documents that consist of black images on white paper. Excluded are technical drawings and newspapers.
ANSI/AIIM MS36-1990. Reader-Printers for Transparent Microforms - Performance Characteristics.
Scope: This standard specifies the essential performance characteristics for reader-printers designed to view and make hard copies from roll microfilms and microfilm strips that have a maximum width of 35 mm, microfiche, jackets, and image cards with a magnification no greater than 50:1.
The requirements for the functions of readers, as specified in ANSI/AIIM MS20-1990, are summarized in Section 4 for the convenience of the users of this standard.
This standard establishes minimum criteria for the hard copy prints produced by reader-printers based on the use of microtest charts ISO No.1 and ISO No.2 or from microforms with a specified minimum quality either an original or a duplicate. This standard does not apply to special reader-printers that produce color or other types of specialized microforms or prints. In addition, it may not necessarily apply to enlarger-printers.
Copyright. The National Library of Canada. (Revised: 1996-12-11).
