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It
was not for purely economic reasons that France clung so tenaciously
to her rights in Newfoundland. Before the end of the Napoleonic
Wars in 1815, part of the importance of the Shore fishery, compared
to that carried out on the Grand Banks, lay in the fact that it
required considerable manpower, making of it a breeding-ground
for future sailors. Charles de la Morandière, historian of the
French fishery in North America, explains the value of the French
Shore fishery:
The
numerous and diverse operations [of the shore-based fishery] obliged
the owners and captains to take a large number of men either for
shore work or as mates to the fishermen. In order to be a shore
worker there was no need to be a born sailor nor a sailor by profession.
A young country lad, provided he was of sound constitution, quickly
proved entirely satisfactory ...even if he had never before seen
the sea. Similarly, all that was needed to work alongside the
experienced sailor in charge of the actual fishing, to help trim
the boat and even to use a jigger, was good will and a little
dexterity. According to Pléville Le Pelley, a beginner could catch
as many cod with a jigger as an experienced fisherman. In two
or three seasons, a lad of sixteen to eighteen soon got the hang
of fishing, got to know the sea and ships, and even if he did
not turn into a first-class seaman, could be drafted into the
[French] Royal Navy….The wet fishery was less interesting in this
respect because apart from the fact that the vessels had crews
of no more than fifteen to twenty men-and not the eighty or hundred
or even the 130 to 150 men aboard the cod-fishing boats headed
for the shore fishery-they required sailors who were also skilled
fishermen.
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