The elements of a map are the parts that almost all maps have in order to convey information to the user. What do the "mess of numbers and symbols" on map sheets mean?

A map, as you probably realize by now, is a scaled, two-dimensional (that is flat) representation of some part of the Earth's curved surface. Maps are designed to give the map user an accurate picture of the real world that, in most cases, emphasizes certain information of interest. However, no matter what features that are displayed on a map, to use a map to its fullest all users need to be able to answer the following questions about the map.

1. What location on the Earth's surface is represented on the map? (Latitude and Longitude)
2. How can a point on the map be specified? (Grid Systems)
3. How can a compass direction from one point to another be specified? (Bearing)
4. How are distances estimated from the map? (Scale)
5. What do colours, symbols, and other information on the map mean?

In this section, you will learn what information different map elements provide, and how to interpret them. For instance what is the legend, and where does it go? What information does a compass rose provide? What does colour mean on a map? What is so important about titles and source credits?