Human Pathogens Importation Regulations

The Human Pathogens Importation Regulations (External link) (HPIR) came into effect in 1994. According to the HPIR, every person importing a human pathogen in Risk Group 2, 3 or 4, or toxin must obtain an import permit. These regulations also make the Laboratory Biosafety Guidelines (LBGs) mandatory in all facilities dealing with imported human pathogens and toxins. Applicants wishing to import human pathogens or toxins must have facilities that comply with the operational practices and physical requirements for a containment laboratory detailed in the LBGs. By controlling the importation of human pathogens and their subsequent handling and containment, the HPIR allows the Public Health Agency of Canada to mitigate risks posed by these activities

For more information, please review What You Should Know about Importing Human Pathogens into Canada or see the Importation Permits or Inspection (Biocontainment) sections of this website.

The HPIR’s relation to the Human Pathogens and Toxins Act

The Human Pathogens and Toxins Act (External link) (HPTA), which received Royal Assent on June 23, 2009, will move beyond the scope of importation controls in the HPIR and address public health and safety risks associated with a wide range of activities involving human pathogens or toxins, whether imported or domestically acquired. Implementation of the HPTA will take several years and regulations are expected to be made by 2015. During this period, and until they are repealed, the HPIR will remain fully in effect.